胜利油田陈南稠油的乳化降黏研究

Emulsification and Viscosity Reduction of Heavy Oil in Chennan Station of Shengli Oilfied

孙月文 寇杰 韩云蕊 李云

SUN Yuewen KOU Jie HAN Yunrui LI Yun

为实现胜利油田陈南联合站稠油的乳化降黏，选取了7 种亲水亲油平衡值在8～18 的表面活性剂，通过测量单一和复配乳化剂对乳状液的脱水率和降黏率，筛选出降黏效果和静态稳定性良好的乳化剂，考察了油水质量比、乳化剂浓度、乳化温度、乳化强度对乳化降黏效果的影响。结果表明，在乳化温度50℃、乳化强度2000 r/min×10 min的条件下，筛选出的25.8% Span80+74.2%十二烷基苯磺酸钠和10.1% Span80+89.9%十二烷基苯磺酸钠两种复配乳化剂与稠油形成的乳状液静置5 h 后的脱水率分别为21.8%和23.0%，剪切速率为100 s-1时的降黏率分别为99.92%和99.89%；随油水质量比降低，乳状液脱水率增加、黏度降低、稳定性变差；随乳化剂浓度增加，乳状液黏度先降低后增加；随乳化温度降低和乳化强度的增大，乳状液黏度增加；在油水质量比5∶5、乳化剂质量分数1%、乳化温度50℃、乳化强度1000 r/min×5 min 的乳化条件下，可使陈南稠油黏度（50℃）由1964mPa·s 降至35 mPa·s。图6 表3 参11

In order to reduce the viscosity of heavy oil in Chennan station of Shengli oilfied，seven kinds of surfactants whose HLB value between 8 and 18 were selected. By measuring the dehydration rate and viscosity reduction rate of the emulsion with single and compound emulsifiers，the emulsifiers which had both good static stability and viscosity reduction effect were selected. The effect of the mass ratio of oil to water，emulsifier concentration，emulsifying temperature and strength on the viscosity was investigated. The results showed that when the emulsifying temperature was 50℃ and emulsifying strength was 2000 r/min×10 min，two kinds of optimum compound emulsifiers were selected，including 25.8% Span80 and 74.2% sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate，10.1% Span80 and 89.9% sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate，whose dehydration rate was 21.8% and 23.0% and the viscosity reduction rate was 99.92% and 99.89% at 100 s-1 respectively when they were put into heavy oil and placed for 5 hrs. The dehydration rate of emulsion increased，the viscosity decreased and the stability deteriorated with decreasing mass ratio of oil to water. The viscosity of emulsion decreased first and then increased with increasing emulsifier concentration. The viscosity of emulsion increased with decreasing emulsifying temperature and increasing emulsifying strength. The viscosity of heavy oil in Chennan station could be reduced from 1964 mPa·s to 35 mPa·s under the emulsifying condition of 5∶5 mass ratio of oil to water， 1% dosage of emulsifier，50℃ emulsifying temperature and 1000 r/min×5 min emulsifying strength.

10.19346/j.cnki.1000-4092.2016.06.029