嵌段高分子自乳化体系及其对超稠油的乳化性能

Self -Emulsifying System with Block Polyarethane Nonionic Surfactants and the Viscosity Reduction of Super Heavy Oil by Emusification

何延龙 蒲春生 郑伟林 任杨 董巧玲 陈庆栋

HE Yanlong PU Chunsheng ZHENG Weilin REN Yang DONG Qiaoling CHEN Qingdong

针对特超稠油开采难度大，乳化降黏过程困难的问题，提出了以嵌段高分子表面活性剂为核心的自乳化降黏体系。合成的高分子型非离子嵌段聚氨酯表面活性剂DBPS，其临界胶束浓度为2.71× 10-6mol/L。考察了引发剂（Na2CO3）加量，不同乳化剂与助表面活性剂对超稠油乳化效果的影响，通过正交实验优化了自乳化体系配方。结果表明，自乳化降黏体系最佳配方为：0.5% Na2CO3、0.5% DBPS、0.5%吐温80和0.6%聚乙二醇。自乳化体系与稠油混合后，形成较为分散的水包油型油水乳状液滴，乳化降黏率达98% 以上。80℃时，乳状液沉降2.5 h 后的脱水率达73% ；70℃时，自乳化体系水溶液表面张力为27.02mN/m，自乳化体系水溶液与稠油的界面张力为0.0057mN/m。图7 表3 参8

Aimed at the difficulty of heavy oil development and the process of emulsification and viscosity reduction ，theself-emulsifying system with polymer nonionic block polyurethane surfactants as the main agent was developed. The polymer nonionic block polyurethane surfactant （DBPS）was synthesized，and the critical micelle concentration was2.71× 10-6mol/L. The effect of initiator （Na2CO3）dosage and different emulsifier and auxiliary surfactant on the emulsification and viscosity reduction of heavy oil was studied. The optimum formula was obtained by orthogonal test: 0.5% Na2CO3，0.5% DBPS，0.5% Tween-80and 0.6% polyethylene glycol. After self-emulsifying system and heavy oil was mixed ，dispersed oil-in-water emulsified oil droplets was developed. The emulsification viscosity reduction rate was above98% ，the dehydration rate reached 73% after2.5 h sedimentation at 80℃，the surface tension of self-emulsifying solution was 27.02mN/m at 70℃，and the interfacial tension between self-emulsifying system and heavy oil reduced to0.0057mN/m