一种新型小分子黏土稳定剂的研制

Development of a small molecule clay stabilizer

马 云 牛梦龙 梁小兵 胡翠玲 刘会强

MA Yun NIU Menglong LIANG Xiaobing HU Cuiling LIU Huiqiang

以六次甲基四胺、浓盐酸为原料，制备六次甲基四胺盐酸盐作为小分子黏土稳定剂并测定其防膨率与泥岩损失率。结果表明，该反应对反应物料比与反应温度都不敏感，制备方法简单，当六次甲基四胺与浓盐酸质量比为1:1.5、反应温度为常温、反应时间为0.5 h的条件下制备最为合适。质量分数为0.5%溶液的防膨率为78%，泥岩损失率为8%；六次甲基四胺盐酸盐与聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵（PDADMAC）复配比为3:2时的复配效果最佳，可进一步提高黏土稳定效果。

In this paper, hexamethylenetetramine, concentrated hydrochloric acid was used as raw materials to prepare a small molecule clay stabilizer—hexamethylenetetramine hydrochloride and its anti-swelling rates and mudstone loss rate were investigated. The results indicated that the synthetic method was simple and the reaction was insensitive to reactant ratio and temperature. The optimal hexamethylenetetramine hydrochloride was obtained when the ratio of hexamethylenetetramine and concentrated hydrochloric acid was of 1:1.5, at the room temperature and at the reaction time of 0.5 h. When the mass concentration of the optimal hexamethylenetetramine hydrochloride was of 0.5%, the anti-swelling rate and the mudstone loss rate reached 78% and 10%, respectively. When hexamethylenetetramine hydrochloride was combined with PDADMAC with mass ratio of 3:2, the effect of anti-swelling clay was further improved.