摘要
通过静态观察实验及岩心动态流动实验，考察了煤粉在不同表面活性剂溶液中的分散情况，以及煤岩与不同表面活性剂接触后的临界流速和速敏指数。所用的阳离子表面活性剂为十八烷基三甲基氯化铵（1831），阴离子表面活性剂为十烷基二苯醚二磺酸钠(Dowfax 3B2)、十二烷基硫酸钠和磺基脂肪酸甲酯钠盐（MES）。静态观察实验结果表明，煤粉在地层水中的分散性较弱，在表面活性剂溶液中更易分散，且阴离子表面活性剂比阳离子表面活性剂的分散性强。煤粉充填压实岩心流动实验结果表明，不加表面活性剂时的临界流速为0.25 mL/min，速敏指数为0.45；加入0.5% Dowfax 3B2、MES和1831后的临界流速分别为0.25、0.25和0.5 mL/min，速敏指数分别为0.58、0.60和0.48；加入1% Dowfax 3B2和1831后的临界流速分别为0.1和0.5 mL/min，速敏指数分别为0.57和0.48。阴离子表面活性剂对岩心的伤害程度大于阳离子表面活性剂。
Abstract
Through the observation of static experiment and dynamic core flow experiment, we inspected the dispersion of coal powder in different surfactant solvents, and the critical flow velocity and velocity sensitive index after the coal contacted with different surfactant. The cationic surfactant was octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (1831), the anionic surfactants were ten alkyl diphenyl ether disulfonic acid sodium (Dowfax 3 B2), sodium dodecyl sulfate and sulfonated fatty acid methyl ester sodium salt (MES). The static experiment results showed that coal powder dispersed weak in formation water, but dispersed easier in surfactant solution. The dispersion of anionic surfactant was better than that of cationic surfactant. Using experiment facility of core fluxion, indoor experiment of compacted coal powder was carried out. The experiment results showed that the critical flow rate was 0.25 mL/min without surfactant and the velocity sensitive index was 0.45. After adding 0.5% Dowfax 3B2, MES and 1831, the critical flow velocity was 0.25, 0.25, and 0.5 mL/min, the velocity sensitive index was 0.58, 0.60 and 0.48, respectively. After adding 1% Dowfax 3B2 and 1831, the critical flow velocity was 0.1 and 0.5 mL/min, the velocity sensitive index was 0.57 and 0.48, respectively. The damage of anionic surfactant on the core was greater than that of cationic surfactant.
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