摘要
本文从抗高温抗盐钙钻井液降滤失剂性能要求出发，基于分子结构优化设计，以AM、AMPS、DMDAAC和NVP为反应单体进行四元共聚，合成了两性离子共聚物降滤失剂PADMS。通过FITR分析验证了分子结构设计的可行性，实验证明PADMS具有一定抗高温、抗盐钙降解能力，与黏土颗粒的吸附能力强于现有的磺化酚醛树脂类降滤失剂SMP-II和SMP-III。在淡水基浆中加入2.0% PADMS时，表观黏度和塑性黏度分别由加入前的10.5 mPa·s 和5.0 mPa·s增至35.0 mPa·s和28.0 mPa·s，API滤失量由28.0 mL降至6.0 mL；200℃老化16 h后的表观黏度和塑性黏度分别为17.5 mPa·s和15.0 mPa·s，API滤失量由48.6 mL降为15.6 mL。PADMS加量为2.0%时，复合盐水基浆表观黏度、塑性黏度从加入前的3.0 mPa·s、1.5 mPa·s分别增至的19.5 mPa·s 和15.0 mPa·s。在200℃下老化16 h后，复合盐水基浆黏度亦随PADMS加量的增加而增大，但上升趋势明显不及老化前的基浆。随PADMS加量的增大，API滤失量逐渐减小，当PADMS加量为2%时，老化前的API滤失量由加入前的88.0 mL降至8.2 mL；老化后API滤失量由168.0 mL降至54.6 mL，HTHP滤失量由全滤失降为86.4。
Abstract
based on molecular structure design to prepare amphoteric polymer fluid loss additive PADMS with properties of high temperature resistance and salt tolerance, AM, AMPS, DMDAAC and NVP were chosen as reactive monomers for quaternary copolymerization. The feasibility of molecular structure design of PADMS was proved by FITR and its adsorption capacity on clay particles was superior to sulfonated phenolic resin of SMP-II and SMP-III. After adding 2.0% PADMS, the apparent viscosity and plastic viscosity of the freshwater mud increased from 10.5 mPa·s to 35.0 mPa·s and from 5.0 mPa·s to 28.0 mPa·s, respectively, API filter loss decreased from 28.0 mL to 6.0 mL. The apparent viscosity and plastic viscosity is 17.5 mPa·s and 15.0 mPa·s, respectively, after aged for 16 h at the temperature of 200℃, and API filter loss decreased from 48.6 mL to 15.6mL. After adding 2.0% PADMS, the apparent viscosity and plastic viscosity of the compounded brine mud increased from 3.0 mPa·s to 19.5 mPa·s and from 1.5 mPa·s to 15.0 mPa·s, respectively. The viscosity of the compounded brine mud also increased with the increas of PADMS content after aged for 16 h at the temperature of 200℃. After adding 2.0% PADMS, API filter loss of pre and post aging decreased respectively from 88.0 mL to 8.2 mL and from 168.0 mL to 54.6 mL. HTHP filter loss decreased from severe loss to 86.4 mL.
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