摘要
随勘探开发的不断深入，深层和超深层碳酸盐岩油气藏被发现并相继投入开发，逐渐形成的一系列非常规酸液体系面临着酸岩反应速度快、酸蚀作用距离短等难题。本文研发了一种在地层高温条件下缓慢反应生成盐酸的自生酸体系（高聚合度羰基化合物自生酸A剂和铵盐类自生酸B剂按质量比1:1配制而成），并对其性能进行了评价。自生酸体系反应2 h时，90℃下可产生12.94%的盐酸含量，120℃以上可产生20%左右的盐酸含量，具有良好的生酸能力；自生酸体系的低温稳定性一般，但A、B单剂低温稳定性好，现场施工前建议分开配液、当天使用。耐温实验表明该自生酸体系适用于温度为90~150℃的储层。该自生酸体系酸蚀导流能力优良，酸岩反应速度比胶凝酸体系更缓慢，酸岩反应时间大于2 h，能起到深部酸化的作用，且反应后岩心凹凸不平，可进一步增加裂缝导流能力。
Abstract
With the deepening of exploration and development, deep and ultra-deep carbonate reservoirs were discovered and have been put into development, therefore, a series of unconventional acid systems were formed gradually, facing some difficulties such as fast acid-rock reaction and short acid etched distance. A self-generating hydrochloric acid (SGHA) system was prepared by mixing self-generating hydrochloric acid A agent, High degree of polymerization of carbonyl compounds and self-generating hydrochloric acid B agent, ammonium salts preparation at the mass ratio of 1:1, which could slowly react and generate hydrochloric acid under high temperature conditions in the formation, and its performance was evaluated. The SGHA system could produce hydrochloric acid content of 12.94% at the temperature of 90℃and about 20% at the temperature of above 120℃ after reacting for 2 h, having a good ability to produce acid. The low-temperature stability of the SGHA system is in general, however, A agent and B agent have good low-temperature stability, respectively, hence, preparing the A agent and B agent separately before the construction site was suggested and the system should be used in that day. The heat resistance experiments showed that the SGHA system was applicable to the reservoir of 90~150℃.The SGHA system had good etching conductivity, and slower acid-rock reaction than that of the gelled acid system, the acid-rock reaction time was more than 2 h, which could ensure that the SGHA system played the role of deep acidification. In addition, the uneven core surface after the reaction could further increase the fracture conductivity.
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