阴-非离子型表面活性剂CO₂ 泡沫影响因素研究

Performance and Influence Factors of CO 2 Foam Based on Anionic-Nonionic Surfactants

章杨 张亮 黄海东 牛保伦 王其伟 任韶然

ZHANG Yang ZHANG Liang HUANG Hai-Dong NIU Bao-Lun WANG Qi-Wei REN Shao-Ran

选用4 种表面活性剂作为起泡剂，其中N-NP-15c 和N-NP-21c 为非离子型表面活性剂，N-NP-15c-H 和N-NP-21c-H 为新合成的阴- 非离子型表面活性剂，非离子基团为聚氧乙烯基，阴离子基团为磺酸基。利用高温高压搅拌式可视化泡沫仪，对表面活性剂进行高温高压和高盐条件下的CO2 泡沫性能测试；研究了不同因素对CO2泡沫性能的影响规律，包括起泡剂浓度、矿化度、Ca2+浓度、温度和压力等。实验结果表明，N-NP-15c-H 的起泡性能最好，抗温达125℃ 。在起泡剂质量分数0.7% 、压力10MPa、矿化度（NaCl）50g/L、125℃ 时，泡沫的起泡体积和半衰期分别为81.6 mL和10.8 min。随着起泡剂质量分数的增大，CO2 泡沫的起泡体积和半衰期均先增大后减小，最佳加量为0.7% ；高温和高矿化度（高Ca2+浓度）都不利于CO2 泡沫的稳定；压力升高则能显著提高CO2 泡沫的性能，压力由5 MPa 增至12MPa 时，泡沫起泡体积由87.9 mL增至165.8 mL，半衰期由34.5 min增至295.2min。

Four surfactants were chosen as foaming agent in this study ，including nonionic surfactants N-NP- 15c and N-NP-21c，newly synthesized anionic-nonionic surfactants N-NP-15c-H and N-NP-21c-H ，whose nonionic group was ethylene oxide（EO）and anionic group was sulfonic group. The performance of surfactants as CO 2 foaming agent was investigated at high temperature and pressure conditions using a HTHP visualization foam meter with agitator. The effect of various influence factors on foam stability，including surfactant concentration ，water salinity，Ca2+ concentration，temperature and pressure，was studied. Experiment results showed that the foam performance of N-NP- 15c-H was the best ，whose foam volume was81.6 mL and half-life was 10.8 min at 125℃ with 0.7% foaming agent dosage，10MPa pressure and50g/L NaCl concentration. The foam volume and half-life of CO2 foam first increased and then decreased with increasing mass fraction of surfactant ，and the optimum mass fraction was 0.7%. High temperature and high salinity（or Ca2+ concentration）were not conducive to the stability of CO2 foam，while the increase of pressure could improve the performance of CO2 foam significantly. When the pressure increased from 5 MPa to 12MPa，the foam volume increased from87.9 mL to165.8 mL and foam’s half-life increased from34.5 min to 295.2 min.