阴-非Gemini聚醚磺酸盐表面活性剂起泡性能

Foaming Property for Anionic-Nonionic Gemini Surfactant of Polyalkoxylated Ether Sulfonate

栾和鑫 吴文祥[] 丁 伟 于 涛 曲广淼

LUAN Huo-Xin WU Wen-Xiang DING Wei YU Tao QU Guang-Miao

阴-非Gemini聚醚磺酸盐以不同氧乙烯（EO）结构单元的脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚（AEO-3、AEO-5、AEO-7），1,2-乙二醇，1,3-丙二醇，1,4-丁二醇，马来酸酐等为原料合成。结构式命名为ANGn-m-n，n=3、5、7（分别代表C12H25O(C2H4O)3H, C12H25O(C2H4O)5H,C12H25O(C2H4O)7H），m=Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ（分别代表乙二醇、丙二醇、丁二醇）。测定了9种不同结构的阴-非Gemini聚醚磺酸盐表面活性剂的起泡性能。结果表明，在质量分数为0.2%、EO结构单元相同时，随着链接基链长的增加，起泡高度逐渐增大；链接基相同时，随EO结构单元的增加，起泡高度逐渐增大，总体上链接基越短，泡沫稳定性越好。随着盐浓度增加，ANG 7-Ⅳ-7起泡高度和半衰期(t1/2)先增加后降低。NaCl质量浓度为20 g/L时的起泡高度为167.2 cm，t1/2为1163 s；CaCl2质量浓度为1 g/L时的起泡高度为161.4 cm，t1/2为1131 s。随着温度升高，起泡高度先增加后减小，在50℃时达到最大值151.5 cm，t1/2逐渐降低。随着不同醇体积分数增加，起泡高度和t1/2先增加后降低，最佳醇加量为乙醇4%、异丙醇3%、正丁醇2%。

Based on fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether（AEO-3, AEO-5, AEO-7）with different ethylene oxide (EO) structural unit, 1, 2-ethylene glycol, 1, 3-propanediol, 1, 4-butanediol and maleic anhydride, anionic-nonionic Gemini surfactants were synthesized. The structural formula was abbreviated as follows: ANGn-m-n, n=3、5、7, indicating AEO-3, AEO-5 and AEO-7 respectively, m=Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ, indicating the spacer length of ethylene glycol, propanediol and butanediol respectively. The foaming property was determined for the 9 kinds of anionic-nonionic Gemini surfactants of polyalkoxylated ether sulfonate. The results showed that the foaming height increased with increasing spacer length of the Gemini surfactant, when the dosage of surfactant was 0.2% and EO unit was same. The foaming height increased with increasing EO structural unit, when the spacer length was same. In generally, the shorter spacer length, the better stability of foam was. The influence of salt concentration on the foaming properties of ANG 7-Ⅳ-7 was investigated. The foaming height and half-life (t1/2) increased first and then decreased with increasing salt concentration. When the concentration of NaCl reached 20 g/L, the foaming height was 167.2 cm and t1/2 was 1163 s. When the concentration of CaCl2 reached 1 g/L, the foaming height was 161.4 cm and t1/2 was 1131 s. When the temperature increased, the foaming height increased first and then decreased with 151.5 cm maximum value at 50℃, and t1/2 decreased gradually. When the volume fraction of alcohol increased, the foaming height and t1/2 increased first and then decreased. The optimum dosage of ethanol, isopropanol and n-butanol was 4%, 3% and 2%, respectively.