摘要
为了克服聚丙烯酰胺类干粉化学剂的缺点，以丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙酯、1-溴丁烷或1-溴己烷为原料，采用乳液聚合法合成了两种乳液聚合物P(AM/KAA/C4A)和P(AM/KAA/C6A)。室内评价实验表明两种聚合物的性能相近，在水中溶解时间均小于5 min。由于合成P(AM/KAA/C4A)的费用较低，因此选用P(AM/KAA/C4A)作为添加剂。在淡水基浆中加入0.6%的P(AM/KAA/C4A)后，表观黏度（AV）、塑性黏度（PV）、动切力（YP）和滤失量（FL）分别为30.5 mPa·s、18.5 mPa·s、12.0 Pa和12.2 mL，在150℃下老化16 h后的AV、PV、YP和FL分别为25.5 mPa·s、17.0 mPa·s、8.5 Pa和14.2 mL。加量0.6%的乳液聚合物可抗盐水至饱和。自制乳液聚合物在耐温抗盐方面的性能好于大庆乳液聚合物和河北乳液聚合物。将其加入复合盐水基浆后，150℃老化16 h的AV为14.0 mPa·s，PV为8.0 mPa·s，FL为43 mL，可以作为钻井液添加剂。
Abstract
In order to overcome the shortcomings of polyacrylamide power chemicals, two kinds of emulsion polymers P(AM/KAA/C4A) and P(AM/KAA/C6A) were synthesized by emulsion polymerization with acrylamide, acrylic acid, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, 1-bromobutane or 1-bromine hexane as raw materials. Laboratory experiment results showed that the performance of two polymers was quite similar. The dissolution time of homemade emulsion polymer was less than 5 min. It was more suitable to use P(AM/KAA/C4A) as additional agent due to the less cost than P(AM/KAA/C6A). After adding 0.6% P(AM/KAA/C4A) to the fresh water mud, the value of apparent viscosity (AV), plastic viscosity (PV), yield point (YP) and filtration quantity (FL) was 30.5 mPa·s, 18.5 mPa·s,12.0 Pa and 12.2 mL. After ageing 16 h on the condition of 150℃, the value of AV, PV, YP and FL was 25.5 mPa·s, 17.0 mPa·s, 8.5 Pa and 14.2 mL, respectively. The mud could resist saturated salt solution after adding 0.6% P(AM/KAA/C4A). The contrast experiment result showed that the performance in temperature and salt tolerance of homemade emulsion polymer was better than that of Daqing and Hebei emulsion polymers. When 0.6% homemade emulsion polymer was added to the compound salt mud, the value of AV, PV and FL was 14.0 mPa·s, 8.0 mPa·s and 43 mL after aging 16 h at 150℃, which showed that the homemade emulsion polymers could be used as a drilling fluid additive.
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