氨基磺酸型两性表面活性剂配方体系的泡沫稳定性能

Stability of Foam Systems of Amino Sulfonate Amphoteric Surfactants

任朝华 罗 跃 石东坡 余维初

REN Zhao-Hua LUO Yue SHI Dongpo YU Wei-Chu

开发了系列含氨基磺酸型两性表面活性剂的泡沫体系，其主要成分为直链烷基碳数分别为12和14的氨基磺酸型两性表面活性剂混合物（以质量比3:1混合，简称为AS12-AS14）。按AS12-AS14的质量分数递增依次得到FJ-1、FJ-2、FJ-4、FJ-6和FJ-8体系，筛选了能与矿化度为120.67 g/L的混合盐水配伍的泡沫体系FJ-4、FJ-6和FJ-8，测定了泡沫体系在水溶液中的临界胶束浓度ccmc，并通过泡沫的半衰期（代表泡沫的稳定性）研究了它们在低于ccmc下的耐盐和抗温性能。实验结果表明：25℃下，随NaCl含量增加，FJ-6和FJ-8体系的泡沫稳定性降低，而在不超过14 g/L的CaCl2水溶液中，随着CaCl2浓度增加，FJ-6和FJ-8体系的泡沫半衰期几乎呈线性线增长。而在混合盐中FJ-6和FJ-8的泡沫稳定性并没有显著降低，这是由于混合盐中存在二价反离子Ca2+和Mg2+所致。同时，盐水中泡沫尺寸的均一性是泡沫稳定性良好的宏观表现；在温度低于80℃范围内，随温度升高，FJ-6和FJ-8体系在矿化度为120.67 g/L的混合盐水中的泡沫稳定性降低缓慢，与纯水中快速降低形成了明显对比，说明了FJ-6和FJ-8具有良好的耐温性能。

A series of foam systems, which was mainly composed of the mixture of amino sulfonate amphoteric surfactants with 12 carbon atoms (AS12) and 14 carbon atoms (AS14) in the mass ratio of 3:1, were developed. FJ-1, FJ-2, FJ-4, FJ-6 and FJ-8 were obtained in the increasing mass content of AS12 and AS14 in the mixtures. Thereinto, FJ-4, FJ-6 and FJ-8, compatible with the aqueous solution with mineralization degree of 120.67 g/L, were screened out from a series of foam systems. The critical micelle concentrations (abbr. ccmc) of them in aqueous solution were determined by the method of surface tension, and the properties of salt-tolerance and temperature resistance of them in aqueous solution under the concentrations of ccmc were evaluated by determining the half-life of bubble, on behalf of foaming stability. The results showed that at the temperature of 25℃, the foaming stability of FJ-6 or FJ-8 reduced in aqueous NaCl solution as the dosage of NaCl increased (less than 120 g/L) and linearly increased in queous CaCl2 solution with the increase of the content of CaCl2 (<14 g/L), and did not strikingly weakened in aqueous solution of mixed salt of 120.67 g/L due to the effect of the divalent counterion Ca2+ or Mg2+. With the increase of temperature (lower than 80℃), the gentle drop of the foaming stability in aqueous solution containing the mixed salt of 120.67g/L, contrasting to the rapid drop in aqueous solution without salt, showed the excellent temperature resistance of FJ-6 or FJ-8.