吉林扶余油田稠油乳化降黏实验研究

Experimental Study on Viscosity Reduction by Emulsification of Fuyu Heavy Oil

姜 康 侯吉瑞 刘必心 袁颖婕 张建忠 刘 慧

JIANG Kang HOU Ji-Rui LIU Bi-Xin YUAN Ying-Jie Zhang Jian-Zhong LIU Hui

针对典型油样进行组分分析，找出原油中影响黏度的主要因素。采用A型水溶性降黏剂进行乳化降黏实验，通过静态评价试验，研究了水溶性A型降黏剂与原油之间形成乳状液的稳定性和粒径分布、油水界面张力、降黏率及洗油率，考察了该降黏剂降黏效果。实验结果表明：原油中蜡含量达14.7%，高含蜡是影响原油黏度的主要因素；降黏剂浓度越大，乳状液分水率越低，乳状液粒径分布越集中，油水界面张力越低，乳状液越稳定；油水比越大，分水率随降黏剂浓度变化越显著；随降黏剂浓度增大和油水比降低，降黏率逐渐升高，降黏率最高可达91.5%；该降黏剂有较好的洗油效果，洗油率为61.1%。

The major factors affecting the viscosity of the crude oil from Jilin oilfield were figured out by using modern physical analysis technology. A type water soluble viscosity reducer was selected, and the emulsification method was used. By the static performance evaluation experiments, the emulsion stability, particle size distribution, interfacial tension, viscosity reduction rate and washing oil efficiency were studied and the viscosity reducing effect of A type water soluble viscosity reducer was evaluated. The results indicated that wax content of Jilin crude oil was up to 14.7%, which was the major factor affecting the viscosity. The higher the concentration of the reducer was, the smaller the water separation was; the sharper the size distribution of the emulsion, the lower the interfacial tension was and the more stable the emulsion was. The water separation of oil emulsion decreased with the increase of the concentration of the reducer; moreover, the trend was notable with the higher oil-water ratio. The viscosity reduction rate of the crude oil increased with creasing the concentration of the reducer and lowering oil water ratio, and which could reach up to 91.5%. Besides, the reducer had a good washing oil efficiency of 61.1%.