陕北长4+5 层原油用破乳剂的应用性研究

Research on Application of Demulsifier for Shanbei Chang4+5 Crude Oil

王小琳 唐彬 高春宁 赵伟 任志鹏 罗运柏

WANG Xiao -Lin TANG Bin GAO Chun -Ning ZHAO Wei REN Zhi-Peng LUO Yun -Bai

针对陕北长4 + 5 层原油黏度大、胶质含量高、破乳难度大的难题，本文从9 种有机硅类破乳剂中筛选出了针对性强的原油高效破乳剂WD-56，考察了破乳剂加量和破乳温度对破乳效果的影响，并通过显微观察分析了破乳过程中原油乳状液液滴的结构。实验结果表明，有机硅类破乳剂WD-56在45℃ 、加量100 mg/L下，2 h 后的原油脱水率可达94.26% ，破乳效果明显优于长庆油田目前普遍使用的聚醚型破乳剂Y。通过界面性质测定和化学结构分析，探讨了破乳机理，指出两种破乳剂的油溶性是造成破乳效果存在差异的原因。

Aimed at the difficulty in demusification of crude oil from Shanbei Chang4 + 5 oil layer characteristic of high viscosity, high content of asphaltene, the silicon polymer emulsifier WD -56was screened from 9 kinds of silicon polymer emulsifier via bottle experiments, and the effect of the dosage of WD-56and temperature on demulsification were investigated and the microstructure of the water-in -oil emulsion was observation during the process of the demulsification. The results indicated that silicon polymer demulsifer WD-56gave a higher separation of water from water-in -oil emulsion than that of demulsifer Y which was currently widely used in Changqing oil field. The dehydration rate of emulsion was up to 94.26% when adding100 mg/L of WD -56at the temperature of 45℃ for 2 hours. The mechanism of demulsification was characterized by studying interfacial properties and the chemical structures of the emulsifiers, suggesting that solubility of the demulsifers in the oil phase determined their variations in demulsification efficiencies.