摘要
本文主要研究了大庆条件下聚合物表面活性剂Ⅲ和BⅢ的乳化能力和流变性，并与部分水解聚丙烯酰胺（HPAM）进行了对比；同时探讨了引入的功能单体如何增强聚合物表面活性剂的性能。研究结果表明：功能单体的引入使得聚合物表面活性剂具有较好的乳化性能、增黏性和弹性。在聚合物浓度为1000 mg/L时，Ⅲ所形成的乳状液（4 h后的析水率为5%）稳定性好于同浓度下HPAM所形成的乳状液（4 h后的析水率为100%）；在45℃、7.34 s-1条件下，浓度为1600 mg/L的Ⅲ溶液的黏度（63.5 mPa·s）远大于HPAM溶液的黏度（44 mPa·s）；在相同黏度（20 mPa·s）下的储能模量和触变性测试表明三种驱油剂的弹性大小为：Ⅲ> BⅢ>HPAM。同时本文研究了聚合物表面活性剂与β-环糊精（β-CD）和表面活性剂SDBS的相互作用，发现聚合物表面活性剂溶液中存在着强烈的疏水缔合作用。Ⅲ和聚合物表面活性剂BⅢ的临界缔合浓度分别为811 mg/L和852 mg/L。分析认为引入的功能基团正是通过疏水缔合作用来实现聚合物表面活性剂良好的增黏性、弹性和乳化性。
Abstract
The emulsifying and rheological properties of polymer surfactant Ⅲ and BⅢ were investigated and compared with that of hydrolyzed polyacrylamide （HPAM）at Daqing reservoir condition. Meanwhile, the mechanism how the functional monomers enhanceed the solution properties of polymer surfactant were discussed. The experiment results showed that polymer surfactant had better emulsifying performance, viscosifying capacity and elasticity than HPAM had. At the concentration of 1000 mg/L, the emulsion formed with polymer surfactant Ⅲ（is 5% after 4 hours）was more stable than that with HPAM, the separated water was 5% and 100% after 4 hours, respectively. At the concentration of 1600 mg/L, the viscosity of polymer surfactant Ⅲ solution（63.5 mPa·s） was higher than HPAM solution（44 mPa?s）at the temperature of 45℃and the shear rate of 7.34 s-1, with the same viscosity of 20 mPa?s, it was found that the storage modlus and the hystersis area of polymer surfactant Ⅲ>polymer surfactant BⅢ>HPAM. The interaction between polymer surfactant withβ-CD and SDBS were investigated, as a result, it was found that there was strong hydrophobic associating effect in the polymer surfactant solution. The critical associating concentration（CAC）of polymer surfactantⅢ and polymer surfactant BⅢ was 811 mg/L and 852 mg/L, respectively. By introducing functional monomers, polymer surfactants had better viscosifying capacity, elasticity and emulsification performance.
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