走滑断裂不同结构单元输导、运聚特性及其差异控藏模式——以准噶尔盆地乌尔禾沥青矿地区为例

Hydrocarbon transport and migration characteristics of different structural units of strike-slip fault system and their differential control on hydrocarbon accumulation patterns: a case study of bituminous vein area in Wuerhe, Junggar Basin

张子隆 杨威 王千军 商丰凯 周健 宋健 陈林 王耀华 罗群

中国石油大学（北京）油气资源与探测国家重点实验室，北京 102249 中国石油大学（北京）非常规油气科学技术研究院，北京 102249 中国石化胜利油田分公司勘探开发研究院，山东 东营 257000 中南大学地球科学与信息物理学院，湖南 长沙 410083

State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Resources and Exploration, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China Unconventional Oil and Gas Research Institute, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China Exploration and Development Research Institute, Shengli Oilfield Company, SINOPEC, Dongying 257000, China School of Geoscience and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China

走滑断裂的控藏作用是当前石油地质学研究的热点，但其内部不同结构单元的油气输导、运聚特性和差异控藏作用目前研究较少。文中通过野外地质表征、物性特征测试和二维油气运移物理模拟实验，以准噶尔盆地乌尔禾沥青矿地区走滑断裂为研究对象，结合理论分析、数理统计，明确了走滑断裂体系不同结构单元特征，厘清了走滑断裂不同结构单元的油气输导、运聚特性，构建了走滑断裂不同结构单元的差异控藏模式。研究结果表明：准噶尔盆地乌尔禾沥青矿地区走滑断裂为“核部￣滑动破碎带￣诱导裂缝带”三元结构型，走滑断裂主动盘滑动破碎带岩石裂缝最发育，其次为被动盘滑动破碎带和主动盘诱导裂缝带；油气在垂向上主要沿张扭性走滑断裂核部和主动盘运移，侧向上走滑断裂被动盘对油气的封闭性较好，以遮挡成藏为主，主动盘对油气的侧向封闭性差，油气可运聚到主动盘裂缝中，总体上走滑断裂以垂向输导为主，侧向上兼具输导和遮挡。“核部￣滑动破碎带￣诱导裂缝带”三元结构型走滑断裂输导体系及控藏模式的确立，对准噶尔盆地走滑断裂控藏规律认识的进一步完善及油气勘探开发理论的发展具有重要意义。

The control on hydrocarbon accumulation of strike-slip faults is a hot topic in current petroleum geology research, however, the hydrocarbon transport and migration characteristics and differential control on hydrocarbon accumulation of different structural units of strike-slip fault system are currently less studied. In this paper, through the field geological characterization, physical properties testing and 2D hydrocarbon migration physical simulation experiments, taking the strike-slip fault in the Wuerhe bituminous vein of Junggar Basin as the research object, combining with theoretical analysis and mathematical statistics, we clarify the characteristics of different structural units of strike-slip faultsystem, identify their the transport and migration characteristics, and build up the their differential control on hydrocarbon accumulation patterns. The experimental results show that the strike-slip fault in the Wuerhe bituminous vein of Junggar Basin is ternary structure of "core￣slip fracture zone￣induced fracture zone". The fractures are most developed in the slip fracture zone of the active side, followed by the slip fracture zone of the passive side and the induced fracture zone of the active side. In the vertical direction, hydrocarbon transportation is mainly along the core of the tensile strike-slip faults and the active side. In the lateral direction, the passive side of the strike-slip faults better seal hydrocarbon migration, and the hydrocarbon accumulation is mainly sheltered. The active side has poor lateral sealing for hydrocarbon, thus hydrocarbon can be transported and accumulated into the active side fractures. The strike-slip faults are mainly vertical hydrocarbon migration and lateral hydrocarbon migration and shelter. The establishment of the ternary structure of "core￣slip fracture zone￣induced fracture zone" strike-slip faults transportation system and accumulation control pattern are significant for the further improvement of strike-slip faults control theory in Junggar Basin and the development of hydrocarbon exploration and development theory.

10.6056/dkyqt202303009