基于粒子群算法的间歇采油机制优化

Optimization of intermittent recovery mechanism based on particle swarm calculation

任涛 张鑫 孙文 宋红 唐道临 李长春3

西安石油大学机械工程学院，陕西 西安 710065 延长油田股份有限公司，陕西 西安 716099 中国石化中原油田分公司勘探开发研究院，河南 濮阳 457001

School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi′an Shiyou University, Xi′an 710065, China Yanchang Petroleum Co., LTD., Xi′an 716099, China Research Institute of Exploration and Development, Zhongyuan Oilfield Company, SINOPEC, Puyang 457001, China

油田开采过程中，对低渗透井往往采用间歇采油方式生产，但目前间歇采油机制的设定大都缺乏优化。针对此问题，文中基于数据挖掘方法，通过一元非线性方程回归分析，分别建立了间歇期与间抽期动液面高度的变化规律曲线。利用油井单位时间内的最大采油效率设定了采油指标，并据此确定了适应度函数。基于粒子群算法得到了抽油泵的最优停机时间，使采油指标最大化，进而使得油井采油效率最大化。与其他间歇采油机制的采油指标对比表明，该方法的采油效率更佳，同时减少了机、杆、泵的无效磨损，提高了油田的开发效益。

During oil production process, the production of low permeability wells is usually carried out by intermittent oil recovery method, but the intermittent production mechanism is mostly lack of optimization. Therefore, in order to solve this problem, this paper, based on the data mining method of monadic nonlinear equation, establishes the dynamic liquid level change curve of intermittent period and inter-pumping period, sets the production index through the maximum production rate per unit time of the well, determines the fitness function as per the obtained production index, and obtains the optimal shutdown time based on the particle swarm optimization to maximize the production index and further maximize the oil well’s production efficiency. By comparing the oil recovery indicators with those of other intermittent recovery mechanisms, it is concluded that the oil recovery efficiency of this method is much higher than that of other intermittent oil recovery mechanisms, and invalid wear of the machine, rod and pump is reduced, which enables great improvement of the oilfield benefit.

10.6056/dkyqt202004028