基于同步压缩小波变换的速度频散属性估算方法及应用

Estimation method of velocity dispersion attribute and its application based on synchrosqueezing wavelet transform

张生强 张志军 徐德奎 段新意 秦童

中海石油（中国）有限公司天津分公司，天津 300459

Tianjin Branch of CNOOC Ltd., Tianjin 300459, China

随着渤海A构造区油气勘探的不断深入，勘探目标逐渐由构造油气藏转变为构造￣岩性复合油气藏。A区构造￣岩性油气藏的流体关系复杂，储层非均质性强，导致常规油气检测方法多解性严重，不能为该区油气勘探提供可靠的烃检结果。地震波在含油气储层传播时，不仅会发生较强的能量衰减，同时也会发生较强的速度频散，因此，反映速度频散的属性可作为流体指示因子用于流体检测。基于此，文中提出了一种基于同步压缩小波变换的速度频散属性估算方法，从叠后地震数据中提取出表征速度频散程度的群能量梯度属性，进行油气检测。实际资料处理结果表明：基于同步压缩小波变换的速度频散属性油气检测方法分辨率非常高，对含烃储层具有较好指示效果，降低了油气检测的多解性。

With the development of oil and gas exploration in A structural area of Bohai Sea, the exploration target has gradually changed from the structural reservoir to the structural-lithology composite reservoir. Due to the complicated fluid relationship of structural-lithology composite reservoir and strong reservoir heterogeneity in this area, the multi-solution of conventional hydrocarbon detection methods based on the absorption attribute is serious, which cannot provide reliable hydrocarbon detection results for oil and gas exploration. And their limitation is gradually revealed in practical application. Because the seismic wave propagation through the oil and gas reservoirs would not only produce strong energy attenuation, but also produce strong velocity dispersion. Therefore, the attribute reflecting velocity dispersion can be used as a fluid indicator for fluid detection. Based on this, we study and propose an estimation method of velocity dispersion attribute based on synchrosqueezing wavelet transform(SWT) for hydrocarbon detection. This method extracts the attribute of group energy gradient which represents the velocity dispersion degree from post-stack seismic data to detect oil and gas. The actual data processing results show that the hydrocarbon detection method of velocity dispersion attribute based on SWT has high resolution and good indication for hydrocarbon-bearing reservoir, which effectively reduces the multi-solution of hydrocarbon detection.

10.6056/dkyqt201901007