新型阴/非离子复合表面活性剂清洁压裂液体系

A new type of clean fracturing fluid system of anionic/nonionic composite surfactants

刘斌

LIU Bin

中国石油冀东油田分公司钻采工艺研究院，河北 唐山 063299

Drilling and Production Technology Research Institute, Jidong Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Tangshan 063299, China

针对阳离子型表面活性剂压裂液在地层中容易吸附和沉淀，从而造成地层二次伤害的问题，室内通过合成新型阴离子表面活性剂和非离子表面活性剂，研制出了一种新型阴/非离子复合表面活性剂清洁压裂液体系。综合评价结果表明：该清洁压裂液体系的耐温抗剪切能力较好，在130 ℃，170 s-1条件下剪切100 min后，黏度仍可以保持在50 mPa·s以上；体系悬砂能力强，在90 ℃时单颗陶粒的沉降速度仅为0.28 mm/s，小于常规胍胶压裂液中的0.93 mm/s；压裂液遇到煤油或地层水时会自动破胶，破胶液具有黏度低、界面张力小以及残渣体积分数少的特点。破胶液对储层天然岩心的伤害率小于10%，具有低伤害特性，能够达到良好的储层保护效果。现场压裂施工过程顺利，BM￣312井压后产油量远大于使用常规胍胶压裂液的邻井BM￣313井，压裂增产效果良好。

The cationic surfactant fracturing fluid is easily adsorbed and precipitated in the formation, causing two damage in the formation. A new type of anion/nonionic surfactant clean fluid system was developed by synthesizing new anionic surfactants and nonionic surfactants in the laboratory. The performance of the fracturing fluid system was evaluated comprehensively. The results show that the system has good resistance to high temperature and shear resistance. After cutting 100 min at 130 ℃ and 170 s-1, the viscosity can still remain above 50 mPa·s. The suspended ability of the system is strong, and the settling velocity of single ceramsite is only 0.28 mm/s at 90 ℃, which is smaller than that of conventional guanidine gel fracturing fluid 0.93 mm/s. Fracturing fluid can break glue automatically when it meets kerosene or formation water. The gel breaker has the characteristics of low viscosity, small interfacial tension and low residue content. The damage rate of the gel breaker to the natural core of the reservoir is less than 10%, which has low damage characteristics and can achieve good reservoir protection effect. The field test results show that the fracturing process is smooth and the oil production of BM1312 Well after fracturing is far greater than that of adjacent BM-313 Well which uses conventional guanidine fracturing fluid, achieving good fracturing stimulation effect.

10.6056/dkyqt201901026