特超稠油油藏热采中温敏损害机理

Temperature-sensitive damage theory of thermal recovery of super-heavy oil reservoir

苏晓明 练章华 李忠伟 熊汉桥 吕振峰 闵令元

西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室，四川 成都 610500 中国石化胜利油田分公司勘探开发研究院，山东 东营 257000

State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China Research Institute of Exploration and Development, Shengli Oilfield Company, SINOPEC, Dongying 257000, China

为了研究温度变化对特超稠油油藏储层的影响，文中通过对比常温和高温条件下的碱敏和盐敏实验，结合高温黏土转化实验、不同温度下的驱替实验进行分析。结果表明，温度对特超稠油油藏的开采有明显影响。在高温条件下，稠油油藏更容易发生碱敏和盐敏损害，易造成储层渗透率下降；在高温条件下，储层胶结物质容易发生破坏，释放出大量的微小固体颗粒，微小颗粒随着流体的注入运移到狭窄的孔喉处，导致部分孔喉失去流通能力造成严重的储层损害；在高温条件下，黏土矿物易发生转化，生成方沸石和伊利石，方沸石和伊利石随流体的注入运移到狭窄孔喉处，易造成储层损害；在注采过程中提高蒸汽干度，充分利用高温“溶蚀增孔”效应，提高储层的采收率。该研究成果为同类稠油油藏的注蒸汽开采提供了理论指导。

In order to study the influence of temperature change on the super-heavy oil reservoir, the results of alkali sensitivity and salt sensitivity under the room temperature and high temperatures were compared. Besides, the temperature sensitivity experiment and high temperature clay transformation experiment were analyzed in this paper. The experiment results show that the temperature influence is obvious. Firstly, alkali sensitivity and salt sensitivity are easily caused under high temperature conditions. Secondly, formation cementing material tends to be damaged and releases a large number of small solid particles, which migrate to pore throat with fluid injection and causes severe reservoir damage. Thirdly, the clay minerals are easier to be transformed into zeolite and illite and cause the migration damage under the same condition. Lastly, EOR is enhanced by improving the dry degree of steam as much as possible and making full use of the effect of "dissolution and porosity" of high temperature. The study provides theoretical guidance for steam injection mining in the heavy oil reservoirs.

10.6056/dkyqt201802020