页岩定面射孔水力裂缝起裂特征探索及应用

Exploration and application of hydraulic fracture initiation characteristics of shale set surface perforating

郭兴午 刘强 张柟乔 杨蕾

中国石油西南油田分公司页岩气研究院，四川 成都 610051 中国石油西南油田分公司工程技术处，四川 成都 610051

定面射孔是近年来针对非常规油气井体积压裂发展起来的一项新型射孔技术。该技术改变了常规螺旋布弹方式，采用特制超大孔径射孔弹和特殊布弹方式，射孔后在其方向上形成一个扇面。该射孔工艺在致密油气水平井已得到广泛应用，但在页岩气水平井压裂上还相对较少。文中开展室内物理模拟实验，探索了定面射孔对施工压力、水力裂缝起裂、延伸及形态特征的影响。该技术在国内首次应用于四川盆地某页岩气水平井，并利用软件模拟对定面射孔压后水力裂缝进行分析。现场应用结果及评价结果表明，相对于常规螺旋射孔，该技术有利于降低近井筒孔眼摩阻，也有利于提高页岩压后水力裂缝缝网体积。

The definite plane perforation is a new perforation technology developed in recent years for SRV fracturing of unconventional oil and gas wells. The technology changed the arrangement of the conventional perforation bullets, using the special large aperture perforation and the arrangement of perforation. After perforation, the hydraulic fracturing is like a fan. The perforation technology has been widely used in the tight oil and gas horizontal well, but it is relatively seldom used in the shale gas horizontal well fracturing. In this paper, the effects of definite plane perforation on the pump pressure, the fracture initiation mechanism, the extension and the morphological characteristics of the hydraulic fractures were explored through the physical simulation experiments. The technology was first applied to a shale gas well in Sichuan Basin, and software simulation was used to analyze the hydraulic fractures after definite plane perforation. The application and evaluation results prove that, compared with the conventional helical perforation, the technology can reduce near wellbore perforation friction and improve shale SRV after hydraulic fracturing.

10.6056/dkyqt201802026