粒子冲击钻井钻头设计与流场测试

Design of particle impact drilling bit and flow field test

 纪国栋 周波 汪海阁 崔柳 王灵碧 王苏为

中国石油集团工程技术研究院有限公司，北京 102206 中国石油塔里木油田分公司油气工程研究院，新疆 库尔勒 841000

 粒子冲击钻井（PID）钻头是粒子冲击钻井系统的重要组成部分，PID钻头的优化设计及井底粒子的流动规律研究对于粒子冲击钻井技术的现场应用效果至关重要。为了优化PID钻头结构，提高粒子冲击钻井的破岩效率和岩屑返排效率，开展了PID钻头设计与流场测试研究。文中设计了2种规格的PID钻头和4种型号的喷嘴，通过室内流场测试得出了2种钻头在不同泵压和喷距条件下的粒子喷射特性和环空上返情况；探讨了不同喷嘴的加速性能和射流收敛性，得出了粒子冲击钻井的井底流场流动规律，优化了PID钻头和喷嘴结构，为后续PID钻头的研制与应用提供了必要的室内实验支持。

 PID bit is an important component of particle impact drilling system. Therefore, the optimized design and bottom particle flow law study are crucially important for particle impact drilling field test effects. In order to optimize the structure of PID bit, enhance particle impact drilling efficiency and cuttings flowing back efficiency, the design of particle impact drilling bit and flow field test are studied. In this paper, two kinds of PID bits and four kinds of nozzles are designed; particle-water jet characteristics and annulus velocity of the two bits in different pump pressures and jet distances are obtained by indoor flow field tests; jet acceleration performance and convergence of different nozzles are investigated, bottom particle-water flow law of particle impact drilling is obtained, and the structures of PID bit and nozzle are optimized, which provide necessary indoor experiment support for the development and application of PID bit.

10.6056/dkyqt201804024