贝克休斯自适应PDC钻头

Self-adjusting PDC bit of Baker Hughes

 思娜 邓辉 李婧 皮光林

 （中国石化石油工程技术研究院，北京 100101）

 (Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering, SINOPEC, Beijing 100101, China)

 为了给我国钻头技术的研发提供借鉴和思路，研究了贝克休斯公司自适应钻头技术研发现状和试验成果。自适应钻头是针对钻头引起的黏滑问题提出的一种创新技术，能随着钻进环境变化自动调整钻头切削深度，通过切削深度控制装置抵消部分冲击，避免钻齿过度咬入地层，从而提高钻进效率，降低钻井成本。文中分析研究了钻头黏滑振动及自适应DOC控制概念，并详细介绍了自适应钻头结构。实验研究及油田测试结果表明，自适应钻头为有效消除黏滑、降低钻井成本提供了一种可行的新思路和新方法。

 This paper introduces the Baker Hughes′ self-adjusting PDC bit, which uses the innovative method that has a passive hydro-mechanical feedback mechanism encapsulated in self-contained cartridges to control the depth of cut. It can absorb part of impact force to prevent over-engaged in the formation to improve the efficiency of drilling and lower the drilling cost. So, the mechanism of bit′s stick/slip and the concept of DOC are learned, and the detailed introduction of self-adjusting PDC bit is given. The laboratory and field experiments show that the self-adjusting PDC bit can significantly eliminate the stick/slip and improve the performance of bit, which is a novel idea for improve drilling rate and reducing cost.

10.6056/dkyqt201701028