基于地质力学的裂缝性储层水平井井眼方位优化

Horizontal wellbore azimuth optimization of fractured reservoir based on geomechanics

杨向同¹ 王倩² 刘洪涛¹ 陈朝伟² 巴旦¹ 项德贵²

中国石油塔里木油田分公司油气工程研究院，新疆 库尔勒 841000 中国石油集团钻井工程技术研究院，北京 102206

Oil and Gas Engineering Research Institute, Tarim Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Korla 841000, China CNPC Drilling Research Institute, Beijing 102206, China

由于裂缝性储层裂缝发育，裂缝性储层水平井与常规储层水平井相比，优化水平井井眼方位需要考虑的因素更多，也更为复杂。文中以地质力学为基础，在优选裂缝性储层水平井井眼方位的同时，考虑天然裂缝分布、天然裂缝的激发和井眼稳定性，从地质、钻井和压裂的角度出发，采用理论研究和数值模拟，形成了裂缝性储层水平井井眼方位优化方法。首先，根据井壁成像数据对天然裂缝分布进行统计分析，选择天然裂缝发育的方位；其次，通过建立天然裂缝面的应力模型，计算在一定压裂压力下容易滑动的天然裂缝方位；最后，通过建立裂缝性储层的井眼稳定模型，计算出在确定的方位范围内井眼相对稳定的方位作为优选的水平井方位。优选的裂缝性储层井眼稳定方位既有利于压裂裂缝与天然裂缝沟通，又相对容易激发天然裂缝，且井眼相对稳定，对于提高单井产量、减少工程复杂有重要作用。

Because of the development of fracture in fractured reservoir, the optimization of horizontal wellbore azimuth in fractured reservoir is more complicate than that in conventional reservoir. Based on geomechanics, the three factors such as natural fracture distribution, natural fracture stimulation, and wellbore stability, an optimization method of horizontal wellbore azimuth is proposed. From these perspectives of geology, drilling and hydraulic fracturing, the optimization of horizontal wellbore azimuth is developed by theoretical research and numerical simulation. First, analyzing the natural fracture distribution statistically according to image logging data, the azimuth of fracture growth is selected. Second, the azimuth of easy sliding natural fracture at certain hydraulic fracturing pressure is calculated through building stress model on natural fracture plate. Third, the stable azimuth in the above range is calculated as optimized azimuth through building wellbore stability model of fractured formation. The optimized horizontal wellbore azimuth in fractured formation is not only in favor of the communication between natural fracture and hydraulic fracture, but also in favor of stimulation of natural fracture and wellbore stability, which is important to improve per well production and reduce engineering complexity.

10.6056/dkyqt201601022