基于流线模拟的水井配注量优化方法

Optimization of water injection allocation based on streamline simulation

孙致学 黄勇 王业飞 侯宝峰

中国石油大学（华东）石油工程学院，山东 青岛 266580

College of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China

油田开发后期，由于地下无效水循环严重，导致含水率居高不下。为了降低含水率，常采用传统的生产动态方法优化水井配注量，但此方法忽略了注采井之间的对应关系。文中应用流线数值模拟技术，建立了BY￣1油田生产状况下的可视化流动井网，提出了水井“瞬时存水率”的概念；以工区平均瞬时存水率为基准，增加瞬时存水率高于区块平均值水井的注水量，减少瞬时存水率低于区块平均值水井的注水量，形成了一套优化水井配注量的技术方法。对BY￣1油田生产进行的数值模拟结果表明：优化注水量后，产油量递减速率明显变缓，模拟3 a累计增油1.1×10⁴ t，增产效果显著，在改善地下无效水循环的同时，达到了油田降水稳油的目的。

Serious invalid circulation of groundwater can lead to a higher water ratio and keeps the value high at the later period of oil exploitation. In order to decrease the water ratio, traditional production dynamic methods, which ignore the corresponding relationship between injection and production, were usually used to optimize the injection distribution of injection well. The streamline numerical stimulation was established in this paper to simulate the visualization flow pattern based on field performance of BY-1, and the concept of instantaneous water storage rate was put forward. As the benchmark in average instantaneous water storage, an optimization approach was formed by increasing average injection volume when dynamic instantaneous rate is greater than the average, however, and decreasing average injection volumes when dynamic instantaneous rate is less than the average. The numerical simulation results of BY-1 show a remarkable effect of oil recovery improving. With water injection volume optimization, the oil production declines obviously slow, which leads to an increased output of 1.1×10⁴ t within three years. Simultaneously, the improvement of the groundwater cycle efficiency reduces the water cut and stablizes the oil production.

10.6056/dkyqt201606014