随钻振动和冲击参数监测在钻井过程中的应用

Directional Drilling Company, BHDC, CNPC, Tianjin 300457, China College of Energy Resource, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China Natural Gas Production and Marketing Plant, Zhongyuan Oilfield Company, SINOPEC, Puyang 457061, China

在钻井过程中，受振动和冲击的影响，井下钻具尤其是钻头和底部钻具组合极易损坏，因此可通过监测随钻振动和冲击参数实现对井底钻具状态的监测。通过在随钻测量仪器上增加三轴应力传感器和扭矩传感器，可以监测井底钻具的轴向冲击、径向振动和扭矩变化，并利用随钻测量仪器的脉冲信号将这些信息及时反馈到地面，以便调整钻进参数。文中介绍了随钻振动和冲击参数监测的原理和工作模式，总结了海外与西方公司合作的2口井的施工实践。现场实际应用表明，这项技术可用于判断井下复杂情况，并根据实时监测数据对钻进参数进行及时调整，有效地防止钻具疲劳破损及钻具落井事故的发生。

In the process of drilling, the down hole assembly, especially bit and bottom hole assembly, will be brought about fatigue failure duo to the effect of vibration and shock. Therefore, the monitoring on bottom hole assembly can be realized through vibration and shock parameter monitoring while drilling. Through the increase of triaxial stress sensor and torque sensor in MWD instruments, the axial vibration, radial swing and drill tool torque change of down hole drilling tools are detected, and using the pulse signal of MWD apparatus, these information are timely fed backed to the surface. This article introduces the principal and work mode of vibration and shock parameter monitoring while drilling, sums up the operation practices of two wells in cooperation with western companies and describes the technique in detail. Practical application shows that this technique can be used to judge the complication of down hole and to adjust the drilling parameters according to real-time monitoring data, effectively avoiding the fatigue failure and fishing.

10.6056/dkyqt201501025