摘要
泥页岩中的残留烃量是页岩油气富集成藏的物质基础，并决定了油气勘探方向的选择。页岩油、页岩气虽在生储运保等方面有较高的相似性，但其滞留和富集机理差异性明显。基于对大量相关文献和国内外页岩油气资源特征的总结分析，文中着重对比描述了页岩油气的地质特征、滞留形式、富集成藏机理，揭示了油气因地层的地质特征和其分子本质结构上的差异，在生成、滞留、富集、形成量的积累乃至成藏的连贯过程中，两者所受各要素影响情况的相似性与不同。有机质丰度和类型、有机质演化程度是生烃的基本条件，且控制生成油气的不同方式和性质；矿物成分、物性、湿度等地层条件决定油气储集空间和不同赋存方式；温度、压力等外部因素影响油气不同滞留相态。研究表明，泥页岩滞留油的能力远大于滞留气的能力，页岩气与页岩油相比，更容易富集成藏。
Abstract
The amount of residual hydrocarbon in the shale is the material basis for the accumulation of shale oil and gas reservoir and determines the exploration direction. Although there are similarities in aspects of generation, accumulation, migration, preservation, etc., the mechanism differences of hydrocarbon retention and enrichment are obvious. On the basis of a large number of related literature and characteristic summary of shale oil and shale gas resources in China and abroad, their geological characteristics, retention pattern and accumulation mechanism are described in detail. Due to the essential structural difference of their molecules and geological characteristics of the shale reservoir, there are both similarities and difference in necessary factors during their generation, retention and accumulation. Organic abundance, type and evolution degree are not only the fundamental conditions of hydrocarbon generation, but also control the different generation methods and characteristics of gas and oil; mineral composition, physical property, and humidity determine the reservoir space and various phases; temperature and pressure influence the complex phases of the residual shale hydrocarbon. The results show that there is more residual oil than gas in the shale, and the shale gas can accumulate more easily than shale oil.
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