摘要
致密油储层物性差，渗透率极低，连通性差，开发难度较大，宜采用压裂水平井进行生产，而压裂水平井产能又受到水平井水平段长度、压裂参数等诸多因素影响。以松辽盆地致密油开发示范区扶余油层致密油储层为研究对象，利用Eclipse油藏数值模拟软件，采用数值模拟方法，建立压裂水平井的单井产能预测模型，研究水平井水平段长度、压裂参数等对产能的影响，据此优选水平段长度和压裂参数，为实际生产提供理论依据。研究结果表明：水平井单井产量与水平段长度大致呈线性关系，考虑到地质、工程及成本等因素，油层厚度在2~6 m时，优选水平段长度为1 000~1 200 m；水平井单井产量随着裂缝长度、裂缝导流系数的增加而增加，随裂缝间距的减小而增加，当各参数变化到一定值时，增产幅度有所降低，考虑工程及成本等因素，优选裂缝间距为40~50 m、裂缝长度为150~200 m、导流系数为0.6 μm 2·m。
Abstract
Tight oil reservoirs have the characteristics of poor physical property, poor connectivity, low permeability and high flow resistance, so hydro-fracturing horizontal wells are used for production and development; but the productivity of the horizontal wells are affected by the length of the horizontal section, fracturing parameters and many other factors. Here, we take the reservoirs of Fuyu oil layer of tight oil development demonstration area in Songliao Basin as an example, use the Eclipse, a reservoir numerical simulation software, to establish the model of single well productivity prediction of the fractured horizontal well and study the effect of fracture parameters upon the productivity. The fracture parameters are optimized to provide theoretical basis for the practical production. The results show that the production of single horizontal well and the length of horizontal section are roughly in linear relationship, considering the geology, engineering and cost, the optimized length of the horizontal section should be between 1,000 m and 1,200 m for reservoir thickness of 2-6 m; the production increase with the increase of length and conductivity of fractures until reaching a certain value where the rate slows down, and consequently the optimized fracture spacing is 40-50 m, the crack length between 150-200 m and the perveance 600 md·m.
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