化学生热体系参数优化及驱油效率试验研究

Parameter optimization and oil displacement efficiency test on chemical heat generation system

殷丹丹 杨胜来 赵东锋 孙晓旭 廖长霖

中国石油大学（北京）石油工程教育部重点实验室，北京 102249

MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China

在一定条件下，NaNO₂ /NH₄Cl化学体系可反应生成大量的热和N₂，向高黏低渗油藏注入该体系，可提高油藏温度，降低原油黏度，减少有机堵塞。但影响该生热体系放热速率的因素复杂，文中通过正交实验设计方法，对影响NaNO₂ /NH₄Cl化学生热体系的温度峰值、压力峰值、达到温度峰值的时间等因素进行了直观分析和极差分析，得到影响温度峰值和压力峰值的主要因素是反应物浓度，其次是pH值，最后是初始反应温度；影响到达温度峰值时间的主要因素是pH值，其次是初始反应温度，最后是反应物浓度；优选了适合该生热体系在油层热化学升温过程中各物质的最佳组合方案，并利用该组合方案，对高黏低渗油藏进行了室内驱油物理模拟试验。试验证明：该生热体系与60 ℃水驱相比，驱油效率提高了19.082百分点。

The chemical system of NaNO₂ /NH₄Cl generates vast amounts of heat energy and N₂ under suitable reaction conditions. Injection of the system to low permeability reservoir and heavy oil reservoir can increase the reservoir temperature to reduce the oil viscosity and to reduce the organic block. But the factors affecting the heat release rate of heat generation system are complex. Based on the orthogonal experimental design, the temperature peak of affecting the chemical heat generation system of NaNO₂ /NH₄Cl, the time of attaining the temperature peak and factors of pressure peak are analyzed with intuition and with range. It is believed that the main factor of affecting temperature peak and pressure peak is initial reaction temperature, then reaction concentration and finally pH value. Main impact factor of reaching the time of temperature peak is pH value, then initial reaction temperature, finally reaction concentration. Optimal combination scheme of various materials is optimized in the process of thermochemistry temperature increasing of reservoir for the heat system. Through the use of heat generation system of this combination, oil displacement of low permeability and heavy oil reservoir is simulated in laboratory, which demonstrates that the heat generation system can improve the oil displacement efficiency of 19.082 percentage points, compared with conventional waterflooding.

10.6056/dkyqt201204023