页岩储层伤害机理研究进展

Advance in mechanism study of shale formation damage

卢占国 李强 李建兵 宋菲 刘恒

中国石化胜利油田分公司采油工艺研究院，山东 东营 257000

Research Institute of Oil Production Technology, Shengli Oilfield Company, SINOPEC, Dongying 257000, China

随着世界各国对能源需求的不断攀升，页岩气、致密气、煤层气等非常规能源作为常规能源的补充，逐渐引起人们的重视。由于非常规储层的特殊性，在开发过程中极易受到不可逆的伤害。为认识非常规储层伤害机理，以页岩气储层为例，系统调研了国内外对页岩储层伤害机理的研究现状，分析了研究过程中存在的问题及不足，并对下一步页岩储层保护工作提出了建议。目前，页岩储层伤害机理研究主要包括3个方面，即储层特征、钻井过程中储层伤害和压裂过程中储层伤害，但针对储层伤害原因及钻井液适用性的研究不够全面，且储层伤害机理的研究方法以常规储层保护实验技术为主。文中结合页岩储层伤害机理研究现状，建议全面开展储层伤害机理、页岩储层保护实验技术和钻井液优选的研究。

As the demand of world energy source is rising, the unconventional energy sources such as shale gas, tight gas, CBM and so on, have been well known as the supplement of conventional energy sources. For the specificity of unconventional reservoir, this kind of reservoir can be damaged irreversibly during the reservoir development. In order to understand the mechanism of formation damage in unconventional reservoir, this paper investigated the current situation of formation damage mechanism study on shale reservoir at home and abroad taking the shale reservoir as an example. And existing problems in the study of formation damage mechanism were analyzed and suggestions for next formation protection were given. At present, the study of formation damage mechanism is mainly reflected in three aspects. They are the characteristics of shale reservoir, the reservoir damage induced by drilling and the reservoir damage induced by fracturing. However, there is lack of understanding on the formation damage mechanism and the applicability of drilling fluids. Moreover, the study method of formation damage mechanism is mainly an experiment technology of reservoir protection in conventional reservoir. Based on the research status of formation damage mechanism, the studies of formation damage mechanism, the experimental technology of shale reservoir protection and the optimization of drilling fluids should be conducted systematically.

10.6056/dkyqt201205021