定向井压裂前的射孔方位优化设计

Optimization of perforation orientation before directional well fracturing

曾凡辉 尹建 郭建春

西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室，四川 成都 610500

State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China

针对定向井压裂过程中破裂压力高、易发生裂缝转向等问题，基于坐标变换，建立了任意轨迹定向井的井周三维应力场计算模型。在此基础上，综合考虑原地应力、孔隙压力、井底流体压力、井眼条件（井斜、方位）及其他物理力学性质等因素，确立了定向井的射孔方位优化设计方法，分析了不同井斜角、井眼方位角组合下的最佳射孔初始方位。通过现场应用，验证了模型的合理性。应用结果表明，经过射孔方位优化设计，能有效降低破裂压力，改善压裂措施效果。

Aiming at the problems such as high fracture pressure, high incidence of fractural diverting and so on in the process of directional well fracturing and based on the coordinate transformation, the calculation model of 3D stress field around a well hole was built for directional wells with arbitrary wellbore trajectory. On this basis, the optimization method of perforation orientation was set up under directional well perforating conditions with comprehensive consideration of in-situ stress, pore pressure, bottom hole flowing pressure, wellbore condition(deviation angle, hole azimuth) and other physical and mechanical properties. The best initial perforation orientation had been analyzed for different deviation and azimuth combination. Through the field application, the rationality of model was verified. The results show that optimized perforation orientation significantly reduces fracture pressure and improves the effect of fracture measures.

10.6056/dkyqt201205023