普通稠油化学驱油技术现状及发展趋势

Present situation and development trend on chemical flooding of conventional heavy oil

汤明光 裴海华 张贵才 蒋平 刘清华 王洋

中国石油大学（华东）石油工程学院，山东 青岛 266580

College of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China

对于普通稠油，一次采油后常采用注水开发和热采方法。据中石化2007年底统计，采用注水开发动用的普通稠油储量占稠油总储量的30.1%，但由于水油流度比高，使得普通稠油油藏水驱采收率低。当油层太薄或埋藏太深时，热量损失严重，经济上不适合采用热采方法。化学驱方法是一个重要的接替手段。因此，文中重点综述了聚合物驱、碱驱、碱/表面活性剂驱、碱/聚合物驱技术在普通稠油油藏中应用的国内外研究现状和机理研究进展，指出了稠油化学驱中出现的问题和未来的发展趋势。

For conventional heavy oil reservoir, waterflooding method and thermal recovery method are usually used after primary oil recovery. According to the statistics of SINOPEC at the end of 2007, ordinary heavy oil reserves produced by waterflooding take up 30.1% of total heavy oil reserves. But because of the high water-oil mobility ratio, the oil recovery of conventional heavy oil reservoirs by waterflooding is low. When heavy oil reservoirs are deep or thin, heat loss is serious and the application of thermal recovery method is uneconomic. Therefore, chemical flooding becomes an important method to develop heavy oil reservoirs. This paper mainly summarizes the present research status of chemical floodings for conventional heavy oil reservoir at home and abroad, such as polymer flooding, alkaline flooding, alkaline/surfactant flooding and alkaline/polymer flooding. The problems occurred in chemical methods and future development trend are pointed out.

10.6056/dkyqt20120z1012