微生物降解技术在低温稠油油藏中的应用

Application of microbial degradation technology in heavy oil reservoir with low temperature

李薇¹ 王凤清¹ 谢刚¹ 胡伟俐¹ 乔培君² 杜桂宁³

中国石油华北油田公司采油工程研究院，河北 任丘 062552 中国石油华北油田公司第三采油厂，河北 河间 062450 华北油田渤海石油职业学院，河北 任丘 062552

Research Institute of Petroleum Production Engineering, Huabei Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Renqiu 062552, China No.3 Oil Production Plant, Huabei Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Hejian 062450, China Bohai Petroleum Vocational College,Huabei Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Renqiu 062552, China

华北油田稠油断块油藏储层裂缝发育，油层薄且非均质严重，原油富含高分子胶质和沥青质，低温流动性差。为了提高采收率，增加原油商品价值，对其进行了稠油断块微生物降解技术研究。分析了微生物降解产物组成，并在一定温度条件下对其降解产物的界面张力和黏度进行了测定。结果表明，稠油经微生物降解后，生成低烃气体和脂肽类生物表面活性剂；降解产物能有效改善油品性质，提高油品成熟度，而且回注污水、胶体对微生物生长影响微弱。经过现场应用，增油效果明显。

Fault block reservoir with heavy oil in Huabei Oilfield is characterized by fracture development, thin reservoir and serious heterogeneity, rich high-molecular colloid and asphalt in crude oil and poor fluidity at low temperature. In order to improve the oil recovery and to increase the commodity value of crude oil, microbial degradation technology is studied in fault block with heavy oil. Interfacial tension and viscosity of degradation products are determined at a certain temperature through the analysis of product component after microbial degradation. The result shows that the heavy oil after microbial degradation generates the low hydrocarbon gas and lipopeptide biosurfactant, which can improve the properties and maturity of the oil. Moreover, the influence of return water and colloid on the growth of microorganism is weak. The productivity has been obviously increased through field application.

10.6056/dkyqt2012z1019