调径变矩抽油机在长庆油田的应用

Application of adjustable diameter and changeable toque pumping unit in Changqing Oilfield

王在强1 潘宏文 王秀华2 冯长青 李楼楼 程天合

长庆油田公司油气工艺研究院，陕西 西安 710018 长庆油田公司第二采油厂，甘肃 庆阳 745600 河南油田分公司钻井工程公司，河南 南阳 473132

Oil and Gas Technology Research Institute of Changqing Oilfield Company, CNPC, Xi′an 710018, China No.2 Oil Production Plant, Changqing Oilfield Company, CNPC, Qingyang 745600, China Drilling Engineering Company of Henan Oilfield Company, SINOPEC, Nanyang 473132, China)

调径变矩抽油机是在前置式游梁抽油机的基础上采用新型平衡方案的一种节能型抽油机。根据该抽油机的结构特点和运动特征，推导出其悬点速度、加速度及曲柄扭矩等计算模型。利用该模型，对CYJ8-3-26HY型调径变矩抽油机与CYJ8-3-48B型常规游梁式抽油机在冲程3 m、冲次5.5次·min-1工况下的悬点速度、加速度及曲柄轴扭矩进行了摸拟计算和对比。调径变矩抽油机与常规抽油机相比，具有速度变化平稳、悬点加速度相对较小、在相同的抽汲工况下峰值扭矩小、均方根扭矩小、且消除了负扭矩等特点，其平衡效果远好于常规抽油机，可有效地延长抽油机和驱动电机的寿命，其装配电机功率小于常规抽油机。同时介绍了调径变矩抽油机在现场采油中的应用情况。为检验调径变矩抽油机现场使用效果，对常规抽油机、复合平衡抽油机及调径变矩抽油机的使用参数进行了测试，认为该型抽油机节电效率高，具有推广使用价值。

The adjustable diameter and changeable toque pumping unit is a new type of pumping unit with unusual balance equipment, which is improved on the basis of front mounted beam pumping unit. This paper deduces the formulas of the velocity and acceleration of polish rod and the toque on the crank according to the structural and motional characteristics of pumping unit. Using this model, the suspension velocity and acceleration of polish rod and the toque are simulated and calculated for CYJ8-3-26HY adjustable diameter and changeable toque and CYJ8-3-48B conventional beam pumping unit at the working condition of 3m stroke and the 5.5 travelling times. Compared with the conventional pumping unit, the adjustable diameter and changeable toque pumping unit has the characteristics of uniform velocity change, small suspension acceleration, small peak value of toque at the same swabbing condition and root mean square toque and the negative toque eliminated. The balance effect of adjustable diameter and changeable toque pumping unit is much better than that of the conventional pumping unit, which can prolong the pumping unit life and drive motor. The power of equipped motor for adjustable diameter and changeable toque is less than that of the conventional pumping unit. Also this paper introduces the successful pilot test. In order to test the applicable effect of adjustable diameter and changeable toque unit, the relative parameters of pumping unit were compared with that of conventional unit. It indicates that the use of the adjustable diameter and changeable toque pumping unit can greatly save the electricity energy and is worth popularizing.