利用低频信息改善地震成像质量

Using low-frequency information to improve quality of seismic imaging

管振清 郭树祥 单联瑜

西南石油大学资源与环境学院，四川 成都 610500 胜利油田有限公司物探研究院，山东 东营 257022

School of Resources and Environment, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China Geophysical Research
Institute, Shengli Oilfield Company, SINOPEC, Dongying 257022, China

地震勘探中的地震波频率范围一般为0~80 Hz。由于大地的吸收及高速地层的影响，地震波在传播过程中的高、低频率成分衰减程度存在较大差异。通常，地震波的高频成分衰减严重，低频信息保留相对完整。在模型论证的前提下，研究了利用地震低频信息改进深层速度精度与提高高速层下伏地层成像质量的方法，并应用实际资料的处理进行了验证。研究表明，地震低频信息比高频信息具有更高的抗屏蔽及吸收能力，利用地震低频信息能够提高深层速度的精度和成像质量。

The seismic wave frequency range is generally 0-80 Hz in seismic exploration. As the earth’s absorb and impact of highspeed formation, there were greater differences between high and low frequency components decay extent during the seismic waves spreading process. Usually, the attenuation of high frequency components of the seismic wave is great and low -frequency information is relatively integrity. Under the model demonstration, methods of improving the velocity accuracy of deep layers and increase imaging quality of the strata underlying the high speed layers have been studied by using the low-frequency information,
which was verified by practical application of information processing. The research shows that low-frequency seismic information have a higher anti-shielding and absorptive capacity than that of high frequency information. Velocity accuracy and imaging quality of deep layers can be improved.