古流向的研究方法探讨

Discussion on research methods of paleocurrent direction

陈妍 陈世悦 张鹏飞 赵伟

中国石油大学地球资源与信息学院，山东 东营 257061

College of Geo-Resources and Information, China University of Petroleum,
Dongying 257061, China

古流向的信息会在沉积地层中以特定的形式保留下来，根据这些特定的标志可以判断恢复古水流的方向。研究古水流的方法归纳起来包括确定某一点水流方向的微观研究方法和确定大范围水流方向的宏观研究方法。其中微观研究方法主要包括各种沉积构造、砾石及长形生物化石的定向排列、地层倾角测井、磁化率各向异性等；宏观研究方法包括重矿物分析、岩石成分分析、砂砾岩百分含量变化、沉积相及沉积体系展布、地层厚度变化、地震地层学研究及古生物研究等。每一种方法有其特有的适应性和缺点，在实际应用中应根据具体情况选择合适的方法进行古流向的研究。

The information of paleocurrent direction can be reserved in a particular way in sedimentary formation. According to these
specific symbols, the paleocurrent direction can be judged and be restored. The methods of studying paleocurrent can be
summarized as follows: the microscopic method, which can determine a certain current direction, and the macroscopic method,
which can determine the cuttent direction in a wide range. The microscopic method includes the various sedimentary structures, the
lineation of gravel and long fossil organism, dip log, magnetic anisotropy and so on. The macroscopic method includes the heavy
mineral analysis, rock composition analysis, changes of glutenite percentage content, sedimentary facies and distribution of
depositional systems, changes of formation thickness, seismic stratigraphy study, palaeontology study and so on. Each kind of
methods has its special adaptabilities and disadvantages. The the suitable method should be chosen to conduct the paleocurrent
direction research according to the specific situation in practical research.