两相流理论在气井携砂中的运用

Application of two-phase flowtheory in gas well with sands

李刚 王霞 肖喜庆 陈军

西南石油大学石油工程学院，四川 成都 610500 西南石油大学材料院，四川 成都 610500

在天然气气井生产过程中，由于大多数砂岩地层和胶结弱的地层在生产过程中很容易出砂，当生产气量小到不足以将其带出地面时，砂粒就有可能堵塞产层或者沉降在井底堵死气井；当生产气量很大时又会大量带走地层中的砂粒，使地层被抽空，严重威胁到气井的稳定生产。通过对气固两相流的理论的分析来研究砂粒在垂直井筒中的受力，研究其力学模型及砂粒在气流中的各种沉降举升规律，讨论并分析了影响临界流速和临界产量的各种因素，推导天然气气井携砂的临界流速和临界产量，并用于分析了一组实际天然气气井生产数据。这些数据对气井生产作业、合理配产都有一定的实际意义。

In the process of a gas well production, there is the sand production in most of sandstone formation and incompetent formation.
When the gas production rate is too small to bring the sand out from the top of well, the sand grains will block the pay formation or
will subside in the bottom of a well and will blank off the gas well. When the gas production rate is too large, the gas flow will carry a
great quantity of sands from the layers. Both of the two situations had threatened the normal production severely. This article
investigated the mechanical force of the sands in the upright borehole and the sedimentation and lifing laws of mechanical model
and sands in gas flow through the knowledge of gas-solid hydrodynamics. This article also analyzed the production data of a gas well
through using the acquired formulas. The calculated result is accordant with the practical situation