产表面活性剂菌微生物驱工艺及提高采收率效果研究

Microbial flooding technique of surfactant producing bacterial and its EOR effect

施寒清 石芳 何奇 王哲 梁正峰

SHI Hanqing SHI Fang HE Qi WANG Zhe LIANG Zhengfeng

东北石油大学提高油气采收率教育部重点实验室

Key Laboratory of Enhanced Oil Recovery, the Ministry of Education，Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, Heilongjiang, China

生物采油技术中，微生物驱提高采收率的效果不佳，多年来一直处于探索阶段；而生物表面活性剂用于采油的几十年，地下发酵微生物驱提高采收率一般不超过5%。为了解决产表面活性剂菌微生物驱在实验室和现场应用效果不理想的问题，研究了产鼠李糖脂的铜绿假单胞菌菌株Bsw的生物表面活性剂合成积累规律，进行了以菌株Bsw为核心的微生物驱实验。30 cm方岩心驱油实验结果表明，采油工艺影响驱油效果，地下厌氧发酵法只能提高采收率2.83%，而采用地面好氧发酵充分积累产物的发酵液的工艺的方法可以提高采收率15.63%；Bsw菌株积累的有效产物是提高采收率的关键因素，该菌株厌氧降解原油的功能对提高采收率贡献较小。研究结果为生物采油技术提高油田采收率提供了技术支持。

Among all biological recovery techniques, microbial flooding presents poor EOR effects and it has always been in the exploration stage for many years. Bio-surfactant has been used for oil recovery for several decades, and the recovery factor by underground-fermentation microbial flooding is generally no more than 5%. In order to improve the laboratory and field application effects of the microbial flooding of surfactant producing bacteria, this paper studied the bio-surfactant synthesis and accumulation rules of the rhamnolipid producing pseudomonas aeruginosa strain Bsw and carried out microbial flooding experiments with the strain Bsw as the core. The oil displacement experimental results of 30 cm square core show that oil recovery technologies impact the oil displacement effects and the underground anaerobic fermentation method can only contribute the recovery factor of 2.83%, while the fermentation liquor method taking advantage of ground aerobiotic fermentation to accumulate the products sufficiently can increase the recovery factor by 15.63%. The effective product accumulated by Bsw strain is the key EOR factor and its function of anaerobic oil degradation makes less contribution to EOR. The research results provide the technical support for biological EOR.

10.13639/j.odpt.2020.04.009