超临界CO萃取法处理油基钻屑工艺实验

Experimental study on the oil-based drilling cuttings treatment technology based on supercritical CO extraction method

王思凡 胡东锋 李前春

WANG Sifan HU Dongfeng LI Qianchun

川庆钻探工程有限公司工程技术研究院 低渗透油气田勘探开发国家工程实验室

Engineering Technology Research Institute, CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company Limited, Xi’an 710018, Shaanxi, China National Engineering Laboratory of Low-permeability Oil & Gas Exploration and Development, Xi’an 710018, Shaanxi, China

为了进一步优化油基钻屑无害化处理技术，提高资源可回收性，研究了一种利用超临界CO₂萃取法处理油基钻屑的工艺。在室内建立实验研究装置，对超临界CO₂萃取法处理油基钻屑工艺进行了对比研究。实验成功萃取出钻屑中的基础油，处理后的干钻屑含油率最低可达0.13%，表明该工艺在技术上可行，且萃取出的基础油固相含量低、无异味，满足二次配制钻井液的要求。此外，根据实验结果，分析了压力、温度、时间、钻屑含水率、夹带剂等因素对于萃取效果的影响，推荐了该工艺工业化应用的关键参数：萃取压力为10 MPa，萃取温度为35 ℃，萃取时间为1 h，萃取系统CO₂最低循环压力为4.5～5.7 MPa，冷却制冷温度为1～5 ℃，不使用夹带剂，为该工艺在现场的应用推广提供了技术支持。

In order to improve the harmless oil-based drilling cuttings treatment technology and increase resource recoverability, this paper studied the oil-based drilling cuttings treatment technology based on supercritical CO extraction method. After its basic principle and technological process were introduced, a test device was constructed to carry out laboratory experimental study on this technology. In the experiments, the base oil in the drilling cuttings was extracted successfully and the minimum oil content of the dry drilling cuttings after extraction was as low as 0.13%, indicating that this technology is technically feasible. And the extracted base oil has no peculiar smell with low solid content, which satisfies the requirements of secondary drilling fluid preparation. Then, based on the experimental results, the influences on the extraction effect by pressure, temperature, time, water content of drilling cuttings, entrainer and other factors were analyzed. Finally, the key parameters for the industrial application of the oil-based drilling cuttings treatment technology based on supercritical CO extraction method were recommended as follows: extraction pressure 10 MPa, extraction temperature 35 ℃, extraction time 1 h, minimum CO circulating pressure of extraction system 4.5−5.7 MPa, cooling temperature 1−5 ℃ and no entrainer. The research results provide technical support for field application.

10.13639/j.odpt.2019.05.008