测试作业电控紧急关断系统设计

Design of electronically controlled emergency shutdown system for well test operation

陈光峰 范白涛 杨歧年 杜连龙 张彬奇

CHEN Guangfeng FAN Baitao YANG Qinian DU Lianlong ZHANG Binqi

中海油能源发展股份有限公司工程技术分公司 中海石油(中国)有限公司天津分公司

Engineering Technology Company, CNOOC Energy Technology & Services Limited, Tianjin 300459, China Tianjin Branch of China National Offshore Oil Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300459, China

海上勘探测试面对越来越多的高温高压井、深水井、高产气井、含硫化氢井，作业中经常遇到井下温度超过180 ℃、地层压力系数超过1.3、地层流体中有毒有害气体含量不确定等难题。这些困难严重制约着海上勘探测试的工程施工安全和测试技术的发展，进一步提高现场测试作业安全标准是行业发展的必然趋势。地面测试安全技术作为海上测试的重要一环，其传统紧急关断系统（简称ESD）采用气体作为传导信号，导致关断系统稳定性差，响应时间超过15 s，应急反应时间长，为现场测试作业安全埋下极大隐患。通过调研国内现有技术，对传统ESD系统进行技术革新，重新设计，采用电控替换气控，使电信号代替传统气体信号，实现紧急关断时间降低至4 s，保障了现场作业的安全。电控ESD系统已成功应用于渤中19-6区块4口探井的测试作业中，从技术层面提高了海洋石油勘探测试作业的地面安全标准。

At present, offshore exploration well test is facing more and more testing of high temperature and high pressure wells, deep water wells, high production gas wells, and hydrogen sulfide containing wells, which is often challenged with downhole temperatures over 180 ℃, formation pressure coefficient over 1.3, and toxic and harmful gas in formation fluids.These challenges greatly restrict the development of engineering operation safety and testing technology for offshore exploration testing, making further improved safety standards for well test operation an inevitable trend in the development of the industry.Ground well test safety technology is an important part of offshore testing.The traditional emergency shutdown system (ESD) uses gas for signal transmission, resulting in poor stability of the shutdown system and long emergency response time of more than 15 s and leaving a great hidden hazard for and well tests safety.By investigating the existing domestic technology, technical innovation of traditional ESD system is conducted.The principle of traditional ESD system is redesigned to replace the gas control with the electric control.By replacing the traditional gas signal with the electric signal, the emergency shutdown time is reduced to 4 s, which ensures the on-site operation safety.The electronically controlled ESD system has been successfully applied to the well test operation of four exploration wells in Bozhong 19-6 Block, and the ground safety standard for offshore exploration well test operations has been technically improved.

10.13639/j.odpt.2018.S0.047