海域天然气水合物试采实践与技术分析

Practical production test of natural gas hydrate in sea areas and its technological analysis

王星 孙子刚 张自印 LawrenceLau 粟玲 王彬

WANG Xing SUN Zigang ZHANG Ziyin Lawrence Lau SU Ling WANG Bin

中海油能源发展股份有限公司工程技术分公司 中海油深圳分公司 中海油研究总院

CNOOC EnerTech-Drilling & Production Co., Shenzhen 518067, Guangdong, China CNOOC Shenzhen Company, Shenzhen 518067, Guangdong, China CNOOC Research Center, Beijing 100028, China

天然气水合物作为当下备受关注的潜在新型清洁能源资源，绝大部分赋存于水深大于300 m的海底沉积层中，日本与中国相继应用深水钻井船和半潜式平台进行了海域天然气水合物的试采实践，均取得一定成果。中国南海海域天然气水合物储量丰富，进一步探究行之有效的方法与工艺，实现安全、稳定、高效的商业化开采，对于解决日益严峻的能源紧缺及环境恶化问题具有重要意义。通过国内外技术调研，对降压、注热、注剂等开采方法进行研究，结合日本海域天然气水合物的试采实践，对其试采的前期准备、设计准则与难点、工艺方案、生产测试系统关键组成部分以及存在的气液分离效率、出砂、流动保障等问题进行深入分析，并提出了相关的优化改进建议，为后续海域天然气水合物试采设计和施工提供借鉴。

Natural gas hydrate is a kind of potential new clean energy resource that is concerned, and it is mostly existed in the submarine sedimentary layers with water depth over 300 m. Japan and China have applied successively deepwater drilling vessel and semi-submerged platform to the practical production test of natural gas hydrates in sea areas and have obtained some achievements.There are abundant natural gas hydrate reserves in the area of South China Sea. To deal with energy supply shortage and environmental problems, it is of great significance to explore effective methods and technologies and realize safe, stable and efficient commercial production. In this paper, domestic and foreign technologies were investigated, and natural gas hydrate exploitation methods were researched, such as pressure drop, heat injection and chemical injection. Then, based on the practical production test of natural gas hydrate in the area of Japan Sea, early preparation of production test, design criteria and difficulties, process program, key parts of production test system and the existing problems (e.g. gas-liquid separation efficiency, sand production and flow guarantee) were analyzed thoroughly.Finally, the optimization and improvement suggestions were proposed correspondingly. It provides the reference for the following design and construction of natural gas hydrate production test in the sea areas of China.

10.13639/j.odpt.2017.06.015