SAGD 重油、油砂开采技术的创新进展及思考

Innovation progress and thinking of SAGD technology in heavy oil and oil sand

思娜 安雷 邓辉 光新军

SI Na AN Lei DENG Hui GUANG Xingjun

中国石化石油工程技术研究院 中国石化集团国际石油勘探开发有限公司

Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering, SINOPEC, Beijing 100101, China International Petroleum Exploration &

蒸汽辅助重力驱油技术（SAGD）是目前重油、油砂开采中最常用的热采技术之一，相比传统注蒸汽、原位燃烧等技术具有置换稳定、地层接触面积大、驱油效果好、采收率高等优势，同时也存在成本高、蒸汽短循环等问题，为了更好地指导重油、油砂技术创新，开展了基于SAGD 技术的新进展研究。详细阐述了基于SAGD 的技术创新，即单井SAGD、膨胀溶剂SAGD、泡沫溶剂SAGD、燃烧辅助重力驱及氧添加蒸汽辅助重力驱等5 项新技术的原理、创新及优缺点。总结得出，创新一方面是体现在通过井型变化、蒸汽溶剂相结合扩大了蒸汽腔，提高了能量利用率和采收率，另一方面是通过注蒸汽与燃烧法相结合最大限度开采有效能源。基于SAGD 技术的创新发展为重油、油砂开发后续技术储备及创新提供了技术借鉴。

Steam assisted gravity drainage technology (SAGD) is now one of the most commonly used thermal recovery technologies in heavy oil and oil sand mining. Compared with traditional technologies like steam injection or in-situ combustion, it has such advantages like stable displacement, large stratum contact area, good oil displacement effect and high recovery rate, but there also exist some problems like high cost, short cycle of steam, etc. In order to better guide technical innovation in heavy oil and oil sand recovery, research has been conducted on new progress based on SAGD. This paper elaborates the principles, innovations and advantages and disadvantages of five new technologies based on technical innovations in SAGD, i.e. single well SAGD (SW-SAGD), expanding solvent SAGD (ES-SAGD), foam solvent SAGD (FA-SAGD), combustion-assisted gravity drainage (CAGD) and steam assisted gravity drainage with oxygen (SAGDOX). It concludes that innovation lies in that combination of well-type change and steam solvent enlarges the steam chamber and hence improves the energy utilization and recovery rate and in that the combination of steam injection and combustion method maximizes the exploitation of effective energy. Innovations based on SAGD provide technical references for follow-up technical reserves and innovations for the development of heavy oil and oil sand.

10.13639/j.odpt.2016.01.020