南海深水钻井井控技术难点及应对措施

Technical difficulties and countermeasures in well control of deepwater drilling in the South China Sea

叶吉华 刘正礼 罗俊丰 畅元江

YE Jihua LIU Zhengli LUO Junfeng CHANG Yuanjiang

中海石油中国有限公司深圳分公司，广东深圳　518067 中国石油大学华东，山东青岛　266580

Shenzhen Branch of CNOOC, Shenzhen 518067, China China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China

深水钻井井控存在着海床不稳定、地层破裂压力低、地层压力窗口窄、以及存在浅层气、浅层水流、气体水合物和海底低温等诸多问题。在对国内外深水井控技术充分调研的基础上，针对南海深水钻井井控特点和难点，结合近年南海深水钻井设计和作业实践经验，详细分析了深水钻井井控存在的地层压力窗口窄、溢流监测困难、压井难度大和压井作业时间长、井控设备复杂、存在水合物风险等问题，研究提出了有针对性的解决方案，并以南海深水井为例介绍了深水井控的具体措施。

Due to the differences in sedimentary environment, deepwater drilling environment, and well control equipment of deepwater strata, the well control of deepwater drilling is trapped in many problems such as seabed instability, low formation fracture pressure, narrow formation pressure vessel, and the presence of shallow gas and shallow flow, gas hydrates, and subsea low temperature. Building on a full investigation about well control of domestic and foreign deepwater drilling and considering the characteristics and difficulties of well control of deepwater drilling in the South China Sea, a targeted solution is proposed based on the recent deepwater drilling design and operating experience and a detailed analysis of existing problems in well control of deepwater drilling, such as narrow formation pressure vessel, difficult overflow monitoring, difficult and long well killing operation, complex well control equipment, and the presence of hydrates. Specific measures about deepwater well control are also provided with the deepwater wells in the South China Sea as an example. The understanding and measures presented in this paper may provide a reference for the well control operations of deepwater drilling in the South China Sea.

10.13639/j.odpt.2015.01.036