深水钻井井喷事故情景构建及应急能力评估

Scenario design of blowout accidents in deepwater drilling and emergency capacity assessment

殷志明 张红生 周建良 李迅科

YIN Zhiming ZHANG Hongsheng ZHOU Jianliang LI Xunke

中海油研究总院，北京　100028 . 中海石油中国有限公司工程技术部，北京　100010

Research Institute of CNOOC, Beijing 100028, China Engineering Department of CNOOC, Beijing 100010, China

深水油气开发面临着巨大的风险和挑战，尤其是在油气开发过程中如果发生井喷失控事故，应急救援将十分困难。采用重大事故情景构建方法，建立南中国海某深水探井在钻井期间发生井喷失控事故情景，包括从溢流发生到井喷失控、平台发生火灾爆炸、平台倾覆沉没、水下应急封井及打救援井、溢油回收处理及生态恢复，并对应急救援必须的工程技术、设备、人员等需求进行分析和评估，对我国下一阶段开展应急救援技术研究提出建议。研究结果对我国自主建立深水钻井井控应急救援工程技术体系有一定参考意义。

Deepwater oil and gas development faces enormous risks and challenges. Especially when blowout out of control accident occurs in the development process, the emergency rescue will be very difficult. Scenario design approach for major accidents is used to build blowout scenarios in the drilling of a deepwater exploratory well in the South China Sea, covering the whole process from overflow to blowout out of control, fire and explosion of platform, platform overturn and sinking, underwater emergency well shut-in and relief well digging, spilled oil recycling and ecological restoration. The demands for engineering technology, equipment and staff for the emergency rescue are analyzed and evaluated and suggestions on the research of emergency rescue technology in the next stage in China are provided. The research results can be a reference for the independent building of emergency rescue engineering technique system in well control of deepwater drilling in China.

10.13639/j.odpt.2015.01.043