国产精细控压钻井技术与装备的研发及应用效果评价

Development of domestic fine controlled pressure drilling technology and equipment and evaluation on their application effect

刘伟 周英操 段永贤 王金茹 刘俊峰 戴国松

LIU Wei ZHOU Yingcao DUAN Yongxian WANG Jinru LIU Junfeng DAI Guosong

中国石油集团钻井工程技术研究院，北京　100083 塔里木油田公司，新疆塔里木　843000 华北油田公司华美综合服务处，河北任丘　062552

CNPC Drilling Engineering and Technology Research Institute, Beijing 100083, China CNPC Tarim Oilfield Company, Tarim 843000, China Huamei Integrated Service of Huabei Oilfield, Renqiu 062552, China

为有效解决窄密度窗口钻井难题，提高钻井效率，降低钻井成本，国内自主研制开发了一套精细控压钻井装备，实现了准确控制井眼环空压力的目的。该装备主要包括自动节流管汇系统、回压泵系统以及远程自动控制中心，可提供保持接单根、启停泵、钻井液密度变化以及钻柱运动时井底压力恒定所需的额外流量和回压补偿。通过在川渝及塔里木地区开展近、欠平衡控压钻井工艺应用表明：欠平衡控压钻井可控制井底压力低于地层孔隙压力，允许气体按照一种可控的速度从地层流出，从而有利保护和发现储层，是一种有发展潜力的可行技术。

In order to effectively overcome the problem of narrow density window drilling, increase drilling efficiency and reduce drilling cost, a set of fine controlled pressure drilling equipment has been developed domestically with proprietary right, which has realized the goal of accurately controlling down-hole annular pressure. This equipment mainly includes automatic throttle manifold system, backpressure pump system and remote automatic control center, and is capable of providing additional flow-rate and backpressure compensation required by constant pressure at hole bottom when making up connections, starting or shutting down the pump, changing the drilling fluid density and drill-string moving. The application of near-balanced and under-balanced controlled pressure drilling technology in Sichuan, Chongqing and Tarim regions show that under-balanced controlled pressure drilling technology can control the bottom pressure to be below the formation pore pressure, allowing gas to flow from the formation at a controlled rate, which helps protect and discover the reservoirs and is a viable technology with development potential.

10.13639/j.odpt.2014.04.009