流体加热方式原位开采油页岩新思路

A new idea for in-situ retorting oil shale by way of fluid heating technology

汪友平 王益维 孟祥龙 苏建政 龙秋莲 高媛萍

WANG Youping WANG Yiwei MENG Xianglong SU Jianzheng LONG Qiulian GAO Yuanping

中国石化石油勘探开发研究院，北京　100083

Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute of SINOPEC, Beijing 100083, China

油页岩原位开采技术是未来进行油页岩大规模商业化开发的必然趋势，其中，流体加热技术因加热速度快、可充分利用干馏气、技术相对成熟等优点而被广泛关注。针对目前国内外油页岩原位开采流体加热技术存在的一些问题，提出了一种流体加热新思路，即采用水平井分段压裂和过热蒸汽辅助重力驱组合技术开发埋藏较深（300~1 000 m）的油页岩资源，其主要原理是通过在水平井分段压裂形成的复杂网状裂缝中注入高温过热蒸汽加热油页岩储层，并逐渐将干酪根裂解转化为液态烃，产生的液态烃在重力作用下通过裂缝流入生产井，然后通过常规方法采出。以山东龙口黄县盆地油页岩为例，提出了新流体加热技术设计方案，对今后进行先导试验有着重要的参考价值。关键词：油页岩；原位开采； 流体加热技术；水平井分段压裂；过热蒸汽辅助重力驱

Oil shale in-situ retorting technologies are the trend of large scale commercialized development of oil shale in the future. Among them, the fluid heating technology has attracted more and more attention due to its distinct advantages as fast heating, adequate usage of retorting gas, and relatively mature technology, etc. In view of the problems existing in fluid heating technology for oil shale in-situ retorting both at home and abroad, this paper presents a new idea of fluid heating, that is, using the combined technology of staged fracturing of horizontal section and superheated steam assisted gravity drive to produce the oil shale resources with great burial depth (300~1000 m); its main principle is to inject overheated steam through the complex fracture network created during staged fracturing of horizontal section to heat the oil shale reservoir and gradually convert the kerogen to liquid hydrocarbons, the liquid hydrocarbons so produced then flow to the producing well through the fractures, and finally flow to surface in conventional method. Taking the oil shale basin in Huangxian Basin in Longkou, Shandong, this paper presents a design scheme for fluid heating technology, which has significant reference value for pilot tests from now on.

10.13639/j.odpt.2014.04.018