海洋钻井井口承压保护装置的研制

Development of wellhead pressure protection device in offshore drilling

刘景超 黄毓祥 周文博

LIU Jingchao HUANG Yuxiang ZHOU Wenbo

西安石油大学，陕西西安　710065 中海油能源发展股份有限公司工程技术分公司，天津　300452

Xi’an Petroleum University, Xi’an 710065, China Drilling & Production Branch, CNOOC Energy Technology & Services Limited, Tanggu 300452, China

海洋石油钻完井作业一般实行批钻批完模式，钻井作业结束后井口敞放，待一批井全部钻井结束后再转入完井作业。这种作业模式存在安全隐患，管内外都有可能有油气溢出，同时，由于没有安装油管四通、采油树或盲法兰，无法控制套管内的压力，有可能导致井涌、井喷等事故。针对上述情况，研制了海洋钻井井口承压保护装置，当钻井作业结束后，可直接将井口承压保护装置安装在套管头或油管四通上，能够方便快捷监测到井内压力变化情况；当发生溢流、井涌的情况下能够进行压井作业，恢复井下安全；此外还可防止井内落物，保证作业安全。海洋钻井井口承压保护装置结构紧凑、密封性能好、操作方便灵活、性能稳定可靠，填补了海洋油田井口保护空白，显著提高了批钻批完钻井模式的安全性。

Currently offshore oil drilling and completion operations are conducted in batch mode, which means that, when a batch of holes are drilled to total depth, the crew will turn to completion operations. This mode has some potential safety hazards, such as oil/ gas spill from both inside and outside the pipe; meanwhile, accidents like kicks and blowout may occurd due to the fact that the tubing spool, Christmas tree and blind flanges have not been installed at this point, so the pressure inside casing cannot be controlled. In view of the above situations, we have developed an offshore drilling wellhead pressure protection device, which can be directly installed on the casing head or tubing spool after drilling is finished for easy and fast monitoring of the well pressure changes; in case of flow or kicks, we can kill the well and restore downhole safety; Moreover, the device can prevent small things from falling into wells so to ensure safe operation. This offshore drilling wellhead pressure protection device is of compact structure with favorable sealing property, easy operation and stable and reliable performances, which has filled up the gap in offshore oilfield wellhead protection, significantly improved the safety of batch drilling and completions.

10.13639/j.odpt.2014.03.030