钻井用井底负压发生器

Bottom hole negative pressure generator for drilling

李国庆 李子丰

LI Guoqing LI Zifeng

大庆油田有限责任公司钻井三公司，黑龙江大庆　163413 燕山大学石油工程研究所，河北秦皇岛　066004

No. 3 Drilling Company of Daqing Oilfield Company Limited, Daqing 163413, China Petroleum Engineering Institute of Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China

在石油、天然气和地质钻井过程中，井筒内的钻井液压强造成的压持效应，极大地降低了钻进速度。针对现有以液体钻井液为循环介质的常规钻井技术，以减少钻头处的钻井液压持效应为目的，根据射流泵的工作原理，研制了一种能够降低井底钻井液压强的井底负压发生器。该井底负压发生器具有3个功能：将环空分为上部环形空间和井底环形空间两个压强区；井底环形空间压强低于上部环形空间压强，且流体从井底环形空间流向上部环形空间；有钻进功能。介绍了井底负压发生器的结构和使用方法。

Abstract：Pressure hold effect caused by drilling fluid pressure within the wellbore reduces greatly drilling speed during oil, gas, and geological drilling.This paper provides a bottom hole drilling fluid pressure vacuum generator based on the works of the jet pump, in order to reduce pressure hold effect for the conventional drilling using liquid mud as the circulating medium. The bottom hole negative pressure generator has three functions:the annulus is divided into two pressure zone of the upper annular space and the bottom annular space; the bottom annular space pressure below the upper annular space pressure, and drilling fluid flows from the bottom annular space to the upper annular space; drilling. This paper also introduces the structure and the use method of the negative pressure generator.