泡沫驱油发展现状及前景展望

Present situation and development prospect of foam flooding

王其伟

WANG Qiwei

中石化胜利油田分公司地质科学研究院，山东东营　257015

Geological Science Research Institute of Shengli Oilfield, SINOPEC. Dongying 257015, China

简要介绍了泡沫驱油在国内外的发展历史、驱油机理，以及近几年国内外泡沫驱油研究方向，对泡沫驱油在油田的应用及取得的效果做了简单的介绍，分析了泡沫驱油的优缺点，对存在的问题做了阐述，并提出了在泡沫驱油推广应用中应该注意的问题。讨论了间断式注入泡沫段塞对改善水驱油及其它驱油方式的作用及优缺点，研究了泡沫驱油的制约因素。研究认为泡沫体系的稳定性、耐油性差及注气成本高是制约泡沫驱油发展的关键因素，研制新型的成本低、具有良好泡沫性能，同时具有良好界面性能及洗油能力的泡沫剂，以及研制以烟道气及空气等廉价气体作为气源的泡沫体系，改善注入方式及工艺，是泡沫驱油的重要研究方向。

The development history, oil-displacement mechanism and the newly research direction of foam flooding at home and abroad were briefly introduced in this paper; In addition, the application and effect of foam flooding obtained in the oilfield were presented. Then the advantages and disadvantages of foam flooding were analyzed and the existent problems, especially those that should be paid attention in the popularization of foam flooding were put forward. Furthermore, the effect and the advantages and disadvantages of injecting foam slugs discontinuously to improve the water flooding and other oil-displacement modes were discussed and these constraints of foam flooding were studied. Based on those results, it was considered that the poor stability, bad oil resistance and high gas injection costs of foam system were the key factors that limited its development. Thus, designing new-type foam agents that had low cost, good foaming power, excellent interface property and displacement efficiency, as well as developing foam systems that used cheap gases such as flue gas or air as gas source and improving the injection pattern and process were the important research directions of foam flooding.