新型小流量水嘴的设计与数值模拟　　

Design and numerical simulation for a novel low flow rate nozzle

申晓莉 于九政 王子建

SHEN Xiaoli YU Jiuzheng WANG Zijian

长庆油田公司油气工艺研究院，陕西西安　710018 低渗透油气田勘探开发国家工程实验室，陕西西安　710021

Oil & Gas Technology Research Institute, Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi’an 710018,China

针对单层配注量小、层间压差较大的低渗透油藏分层注水，采用常规水嘴过流面积小、不易实现分层配注问题，提出了以现有堵塞器水嘴外形尺寸、承压能力等参数为依据，设计一种新型小流量水嘴。该水嘴通过绕流增加流道长度以增加沿程损失，改变水嘴内流体的流动方向和扩大流道截面积来增加水嘴的局部压力损失，实现在相同的节流效果前提下，既满足小水量注水的要求，又大幅度地扩大了水嘴通流面积。利用FLUENT软件对新型小流量配水嘴和常规配水嘴的嘴损特性进行了数值模拟，通过数值模拟结果表明：新型小流量水嘴大幅度地增加了过流面积，从而实现层间压差较大时的分层注水，可进一步推广应用。

For the zonal injection of low permeability reservoirs with low layer flow allocation and large layer pressure difference, conventional nozzle has the problem of small flowing area and it is difficult to allocate layer injection. A novel type of low flow rate nozzle was designed, based on the design parameters of the current water nozzle, such as shape, size, and pressure bearing capacity. The water nozzle increases the frictional loss through increasing flow length, changing the direction of flowing medium and expanding cross-section area. So with the novel water nozzle, under the same throttling effect, it not only satisfies with the requirement of low flow rate, but also greatly expands the open area. Numerical simulation was conducted for the pressure loss characteristics of the novel low flow rate nozzle and conventional nozzle by using FLUENT software, and the results showed that the flow area of the novel low flow rate nozzle is larger than that of conventional nozzles with equal throttling effect. Therefore the zonal injection was carried out under large layer pressure difference.