微流量控制钻井自动节流管汇的设计及应用　　

Design and application of automatic throttle manifold in Micro Flux Control (MFC)

张奎林 夏柏如

ZHANG Kuilin XIA Bairu

中国地质大学工程技术学院，北京　100083 中国石化石油工程技术研究院，北京　100101

School of Engineering & Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China

微流量控制钻井技术具有能够探测早期微小溢流和漏失、精确控制井底压力的优势。该技术的核心部件是地面自动节流管汇，其节流敏捷度和准确度直接关系到能否实现微流量控制和其控制精度。为了打破国外对该技术的垄断，降低钻井成本，开发具有自主知识产权的微流量控制钻井技术，综合考虑节流流量与井筒压力分布的关系，基于流体动力学与自动控制理论，设计了一套适用于微流量控制钻井的地面自动节流管汇。现场试验证实其具有较好的自动节流控制功能，能在30 s内实现井筒微流量控制，地面检测压力误差低于0.1 MPa。该节流管汇的设计与现场成功应用为微流量控制钻井技术在我国的推广和设备的国产化进行了积极探索。

Micro Flux Control (MFC) drilling technology has advantages of detecting early small overflow and leakage and controlling the bottom hole pressure precisely. The core component in this technology is ground automatic throttle manifold, whose agility and accuracy is directly related to whether pressure control can be achieved and its accuracy. This technology has been widely used by several foreign companies, who do not sell relevant equipment and tools, but only provide technical service with extremely high price. To break the monopoly of foreign technology and to reduce drilling cost as well as to develop MFC drilling technology with independent intellectual property right, a set of ground automatic throttle manifold was designed by comprehensively considering the relationship between well bore pressure distributions and throttling flow capacity and based on fluid dynamics and automatic control theory, The field test confirmed that this set of equipment has an excellent function of automatic throttle control. The MFC of well bore can be achieved in 30 s and the pressure error is less than 0.1 MPa. Design and successful field application of this throttle manifold paved the way for the promoting of MFC drilling technology in China and equipment localization.