微生物采油技术研究及试验

Laboratory research and field trials of microbial oil recovery technique

汪卫东

WANG Weidong

胜利油田公司采油工艺研究院，山东东营　257000

Oil Production Technology Research Institute, Shengli Oil Field Ltd. Co. SINOPEC, Dongying 257000, China

我国微生物采油技术近十几年来得到快速发展，其中微生物防蜡和单井吞吐技术已基本成熟，分别作为生产维护和增产措施在多个油田有规模化应用，但目前仍存在机理认识不清和工艺优化的问题，还需要进一步完善，以提高措施效果及有效率。微生物驱油技术仍处于试验阶段，国内已开展了20多个区块的现场试验，但还没有建立统一的认识，发展方向仍不明确，至今难以推广。分析了国内外近十几年来微生物采油领域的研究和应用现状，重点论述了微生物驱油技术存在的问题，分析了国外的现场试验方法和发展趋势，提出未来的研究和发展需要关注的问题。

With the rapid development of native microbial enhanced oil recovery technique in China recent decade, paraffin removal and prevention by microbial and huff puff with single well have became mature explore technologies in oil fields and have been wide scale used in many oilfields taking as production maintain and stimulation measures, respectively. However, the existence of mechanism misunderstanding and technique optimizing still need further study to enhance the effect of treatment and efficiency. Meanwhile, the microbial flooding technology is still on pilot stage, although more than 20 field trials have been carried out. There is no consensus of opinion in microbial flooding and the orientation of technological development is still obscure so that there are difficulties on technology extension. Studies, field tests and applications in recent decade about microbial technology were discussed in this paper, and the several key points in microbial flooding were discussed in detail. On the basis of analyzing on-site experiment patterns and developing trend, some problems that need to pay attention in next research and development in the future have been proposed.